A Corpus of 21st Century Scots Texts

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Macafee, Caroline

Basic Stats

Total words by this author in corpus - 8,826
Total unique words used by this author in corpus - 2,536
Ratio of total words to unique words - 3.48
Tagged as LAL (General Central) dialect.
Top ten most common words - the, o, tae, an, a, in, at, scots, be, is,

List of texts in corpus

Lallans 63 - Auld plain Scottis
Lallans Magazine (2003-12) in Central dialect (LAL), categorised as prose (3,378 words)

Lallans 61 - Glesca dialeck i the modren warld
Lallans Magazine (2002-09-01 ) in Central dialect (LAL), categorised as prose (2,414 words)
Lallans 57 - Lea the leid alane
Lallans Magazine (2000-09-01 ) in Central dialect (LAL), categorised as prose (3,034 words)

Author word Keyness frequencies

This should list the words that the author uses in a disproportionate manner more often than other writers in the corpus. This may include (a) proper nouns (character names in the author's stories), (b) other words related to the specific subject matter and (c) words specific to the regional dialect.
WordCount Normalised
per million		 Keyness
inglis56 6,344.89338.630
was80 9,064.13217.634
thare47 5,325.18213.385
laitin17 1,926.13149.662
staundart20 2,266.03147.051
scots116 13,142.99141.430
sanct17 1,926.13136.114
latinate16 1,812.83129.891
dialecks19 2,152.73118.578
curse17 1,926.13110.513
he7 793.11106.072
at143 16,202.1392.725
s7 793.1187.966
gleswegian10 1,133.0284.751
o314 35,576.7181.091
dialeck14 1,586.2275.062
vocabular13 1,472.9272.712
be112 12,689.7872.290
staunart13 1,472.9269.975
vernacular11 1,246.3269.913
research14 1,586.2265.961
spellin17 1,926.1365.954
style13 1,472.9263.727
her4 453.2163.270
leid33 3,738.9562.942
tradeitional9 1,019.7162.604
haly9 1,019.7158.637
coinage6 679.8151.591
scotlan10 1,133.0250.501
has24 2,719.2447.927
frae52 5,891.6847.337
wirds22 2,492.6445.624
the667 75,572.1744.373
slang9 1,019.7142.431
screivers7 793.1142.064
macafee6 679.8140.782
of40 4,532.0639.067
is105 11,896.6736.880
his14 1,586.2236.748
but6 679.8136.197
prose7 793.1135.733
aften13 1,472.9235.604
sud9 1,019.7134.364
shift9 1,019.7134.364
reform6 679.8133.837
aulder11 1,246.3233.574
period8 906.4133.502
tendency4 453.2133.222
borraein4 453.2133.222
pint8 906.4132.838
langage13 1,472.9232.363
symbolic4 453.2130.605
strathclyde4 453.2130.605
contrar4 453.2130.605
gleswegians4 453.2130.605
ma10 1,133.0230.601
plain8 906.4130.181
spreid7 793.1128.937
fameiliar4 453.2128.700
terms8 906.4128.177
cognitive4 453.2127.187
french9 1,019.7125.230
are32 3,625.6525.108
glesga6 679.8125.040
proportion4 453.2124.851
hainin4 453.2124.851
stage7 793.1124.771
spickers15 1,699.52nan
process7 793.1124.538
anes9 1,019.7124.489
glesca9 1,019.7124.345
monolithic3 339.9024.175
condeitions3 339.9024.175
deifficult3 339.9024.175
staundardised3 339.9024.175
practick3 339.9024.175
schuiled3 339.9024.175
thame5 566.5123.982
modren9 1,019.7123.922
raither9 1,019.7123.922
oreiginal4 453.2123.907
a185 20,960.8023.896
linguistic9 1,019.7123.646
that46 5,211.8723.566
instance6 679.8123.475
dominant4 453.2123.069
processes4 453.2123.069
reader5 566.5122.661
central6 679.8122.635
as92 10,423.7522.475
speech7 793.1122.423
whither7 793.1122.231
involuntary3 339.9021.960
terminology3 339.9021.960
staundardisation3 339.9021.960
percentage3 339.9021.960
effeck5 566.5121.875
generation6 679.8121.856
day2 226.6021.763
they're8 906.4121.639
marra4 453.2121.627
recommendations4 453.2121.627
al6 679.8121.368
bit48 5,438.4821.313
acause9 1,019.7121.269
necessar6 679.8121.131
englan10 1,133.02nan
mellin5 566.5120.811
wird11 1,246.3220.602
urban5 566.5120.482
haurdly5 566.5120.482
you2 226.6020.404
blaud3 339.9020.390
houanever3 339.9020.390
weel's3 339.9020.390
flowe3 339.9020.390
spick6 679.8119.818
loss6 679.8119.415
leids12 1,359.6219.405
siccan4 453.2119.377
survey4 453.2119.377
their35 3,965.5619.185
dimension3 339.9019.164
reivers3 339.9019.164
acteivities3 339.9019.164
analogy3 339.9019.164
muckler3 339.9019.164
ane24 2,719.2418.977
activists4 453.2118.906
e'en6 679.8118.839
minority8 906.4118.828
uised8 906.4118.490
's4 453.2118.464
pints4 453.2118.464
it's21 2,379.3318.279
staunardisation8 906.41nan
opposed3 339.9018.156
kyne3 339.9018.156
offeicial3 339.9018.156
d2 226.6017.786
interestin5 566.5117.727
apostrophes3 339.9017.301
landwart3 339.9017.301
resident3 339.9017.301
tradeition3 339.9017.301
oot15 1,699.5217.110
ther5 566.5116.828
me10 1,133.0216.774
mentiont3 339.9016.558
scottish17 1,926.1316.339
mass4 453.2116.257
weil4 453.2116.257
nor18 2,039.4315.866
macdiarmid4 453.2115.649
kintras4 453.2115.364
camp4 453.2115.364
spreidin3 339.9015.313
vera3 339.9015.313
athout3 339.9015.313
creiticism2 226.6015.302
sociolinguistic2 226.6015.302
fieldwark2 226.6015.302
anglicisation2 226.6015.302
constructs2 226.6015.302
cunyies7 793.11nan
identifyin2 226.6015.302
interviewees2 226.6015.302
facto2 226.6015.302
sharon2 226.6015.302
milroy2 226.6015.302
creitics2 226.6015.302
inkhorn2 226.6015.302
domesticatit2 226.6015.302
rejection2 226.6015.302
innovation2 226.6015.302
metaphor2 226.6015.302
retrospeck2 226.6015.302
rejeckit2 226.6015.302
macdiarmid's2 226.6015.302
cursing2 226.6015.302
attributes2 226.6015.302
doon5 566.5114.799
for79 8,950.8314.735
forbye7 793.1114.338
sample3 339.9014.295
providit3 339.9014.295
cent3 339.9014.295
seems8 906.4113.951
wee5 566.5113.878
fishman7 793.11nan
theirsels6 679.8116.228
aareadies4 453.2113.857
items3 339.9013.848
it69 7,817.8113.745
recogneition2 226.6013.593
sharon's2 226.6013.593
continental2 226.6013.593
fra2 226.6013.593
grampian2 226.6013.593
arguably2 226.6013.593
passive2 226.6013.593
childcare2 226.6013.593
hoards2 226.6013.593
middle8 906.4113.442
mony14 1,586.2212.954
sic14 1,586.2212.739
functions3 339.9012.690
heicher3 339.9012.690
issue4 453.2112.621
atween13 1,472.9212.541
mair35 3,965.5612.481
especially5 566.5112.453
intelligibeility5 566.51nan
replacement2 226.6012.425
elaborate2 226.6012.425
professionals2 226.6012.425
conseider2 226.6012.425
genres2 226.6012.425
buid2 226.6012.425
lawlans2 226.6012.425
confirmt2 226.6012.425
affeck2 226.6012.425
advancement2 226.6012.425
tradeitions2 226.6012.425
translatin2 226.6012.425
aff2 226.6012.134
attitudes3 339.9012.036
maitter6 679.8111.774
like9 1,019.7111.535
synthetic2 226.6011.534
tradin2 226.6011.534
socially2 226.6011.534
vices2 226.6011.534
prentit4 453.2111.418
ken2 226.6011.380
haes20 2,266.0311.220
deiferent5 566.51nan
worlds2 226.6011.534
elaboration4 453.21nan
per3 339.9011.453
pynts4 453.2111.111
fowk27 3,059.1411.078
etc4 453.2110.963
screivin3 339.9010.927
dictionary4 453.2110.818
continuum2 226.6010.813
eimage2 226.6010.813
identify2 226.6010.813
interviewed2 226.6010.813
prejudice2 226.6010.813
glaswegian'5 566.51nan
writers4 453.2110.818
liker2 226.6010.813
ootwith2 226.6010.813
glottal2 226.6010.813
losses2 226.6010.813
owersetters2 226.6010.813
whiles8 906.4110.722
efforts3 339.9010.683
spellins4 453.2110.677
amang8 906.4110.509
can27 3,059.1410.369
likes7 793.1110.307
geographical2 226.6010.208
by-ordinar2 226.6010.208
ruit2 226.6010.208
murdoch2 226.6010.208
lik12 1,359.6210.090
scale3 339.9010.012
knawledge3 339.9010.012
chyce3 339.9010.012
afore2 226.609.961
local7 793.119.953
ettlin5 566.519.840
lawland2 226.609.688
necessarily2 226.609.688
stages2 226.609.688
walth2 226.609.688
distinctive2 226.609.688
authors2 226.609.688
aless2 226.609.688
chynge5 566.519.667
contack3 339.909.609
ah'm6 679.819.566
all8 906.419.560
whan21 2,379.339.492
money6 679.819.369
juist17 1,926.139.326
academic3 339.909.235
discovert2 226.609.232
sancte4 453.21nan
chynges3 339.909.235
contexts2 226.609.232
owercome2 226.609.232
quotation2 226.609.232
whose2 226.609.232
clause2 226.609.232
lexical2 226.609.232
variation2 226.609.232
influences2 226.609.232
fun6 679.819.114
here2 226.609.107
findin3 339.909.059
ordinar3 339.909.059
correckness4 453.21nan
aw9 1,019.719.017
back7 793.118.929
ironic2 226.608.826
replace2 226.608.826
community6 679.818.748
scottis3 339.908.723
status4 453.218.662
areas4 453.218.662
area4 453.218.662
wey18 2,039.438.647
whaur15 1,699.528.603
i75 8,497.628.574
text4 453.218.562
includin4 453.218.464
ideal2 226.608.460
revival2 226.608.460
trace2 226.608.460
nursery2 226.608.460
gavin2 226.608.460
wersh2 226.608.460
value3 339.908.409
different8 906.418.288
weans5 566.518.277
context3 339.908.259
laich3 339.908.259
solution2 226.608.128
whaurever2 226.608.128
certes2 226.608.128
acceptance2 226.608.128
warsle2 226.608.128
regions2 226.608.128
decline2 226.608.128
developments2 226.608.128
programmes2 226.608.128
grammar4 453.218.087
single4 453.218.087
forms3 339.907.972
influence3 339.907.972
poetic2 226.607.824
figures2 226.607.824
schemes2 226.607.824
cairries2 226.607.824
freely2 226.607.824
ain19 2,152.737.813
spickin3 339.907.702
lave5 566.517.679
ootower2 226.607.544
label2 226.607.544
comatee4 453.217.401
union4 453.217.401
wints2 226.607.285
speceifically3 339.90nan
auctorite3 339.90nan
under5 566.517.250
by5 566.517.213
its20 2,266.037.181
daith4 453.217.087
region2 226.607.043
weys5 566.517.018
were3 339.906.987
traditional'3 339.90nan
follaein4 453.217.321
norther3 339.90nan
ceity2 226.607.285
mercat3 339.906.974
varieties2 226.606.817
screive2 226.606.817
hevin2 226.606.817
everyday2 226.606.817
offers2 226.606.817
grantit2 226.606.817
auld-farrant2 226.606.817
wad19 2,152.736.770
got2 226.606.714
thir10 1,133.026.708
seem5 566.516.633
houssis3 339.90nan
bairns'2 226.606.605
evidently2 226.606.605
thirlt2 226.606.605
offered2 226.606.605
creative3 339.906.547
council2 226.606.406
model2 226.606.406
nelde3 339.90nan
introduced2 226.606.406
growein2 226.606.406
richt4 453.216.256
within3 339.906.251
census3 339.906.251
begoud3 339.906.251
coorse8 906.416.237
exists2 226.606.217
rhythm2 226.606.217
gudis3 339.90nan
simply3 339.906.251
aucht2 226.606.217
features2 226.606.217
registers2 226.606.217
say2 226.606.168
nation3 339.906.157
allan3 339.906.157
us4 453.216.115
differ3 339.906.065
suggest2 226.606.039
includes2 226.606.039
element2 226.606.039
maist14 1,586.226.030
parteicularly3 339.90nan
oor5 566.515.965
my2 226.605.879
hugh2 226.605.870
x2 226.605.870
athort3 339.905.800
hoose2 226.605.755
housin3 339.90nan
about6 679.815.728
sangs3 339.905.715
dictionars2 226.605.709
acceptit2 226.605.709
et4 453.215.695
late5 566.515.614
athin4 453.215.580
expeck2 226.605.555
deleiberate3 339.90nan
environment2 226.605.555
goals2 226.605.555
sometimes'3 339.90nan
oorsels3 339.905.550
regional3 339.905.550
cless3 339.905.471
muckle15 1,699.525.444
quote2 226.605.409
relationship2 226.605.409
reenge2 226.605.409
isna5 566.515.355
could2 226.605.322
onywey3 339.905.315
tae221 25,039.665.275
hinneren2 226.605.269
child2 226.605.269
spak4 453.215.253
if6 679.815.250
aiblins4 453.215.201
questions3 339.905.166
p3 339.905.166
possible3 339.905.166
it'll2 226.605.135
three10 1,133.025.132
european4 453.215.098
lothian2 226.605.006
without2 226.605.006
uisin3 339.904.952
auld5 566.514.937
main4 453.214.899
sin7 793.114.806
hainit3 339.90nan
leiteracy3 339.90nan
affcome2 226.604.764
practical2 226.604.764
pynt4 453.214.755
society3 339.904.749
writin5 566.514.724
wadna4 453.214.709
up22 2,492.644.700
this47 5,325.184.664
think2 226.604.657
formal2 226.604.649
edication3 339.90nan
time8 906.414.707
favour2 226.604.649
clesses2 226.604.649
aboot16 1,812.834.612
economic2 226.604.539
parteicular3 339.90nan
border3 339.904.620
daesna2 226.604.539
makars2 226.604.539
hae31 3,512.354.533
age4 453.214.526
whilk3 339.904.495
aither3 339.904.434
independent2 226.604.433
wasnae2 226.604.433
ferlie2 226.604.433
war2 226.604.408
wint5 566.514.368
trade2 226.604.331
fundin2 226.604.331
uiss3 339.904.315
same10 1,133.024.282
mind2 226.604.255
historical2 226.604.232
indications2 226.60nan
them7 793.114.223
t2 226.604.220
cried6 679.814.209
strang4 453.214.184
insteid4 453.214.143
weel-kent2 226.604.136
excommunication2 226.60nan
synonyms2 226.60nan
cries2 226.604.136
doun8 906.414.131
gotten4 453.214.063
unless2 226.604.043
centuries2 226.604.043
recently2 226.604.043
awaur2 226.604.043
disteinction2 226.60nan
walcome2 226.604.043
easier2 226.603.953
daes3 339.903.927
thon12 1,359.623.920
kent2 226.603.907
shared2 226.603.866
in161 18,241.563.859
less5 566.513.852
question4 453.213.831
social4 453.213.831
curriculum2 226.603.700
throuch2 226.60nan
uise4 453.213.831
projeck2 226.603.700
step3 339.903.674
round2 226.603.621
awa5 566.513.613
with5 566.513.559
han2 226.603.543
whit28 3,172.453.475
success2 226.603.468
hamelt2 226.603.468
maybes2 226.603.395
borders2 226.603.395
tom2 226.603.395
gin12 1,359.623.356
normally'2 226.60nan
there32 3,625.653.354
ilk4 453.213.340
cairried2 226.603.324
greek2 226.603.324
get6 679.813.299
noo8 906.413.280
subjeck2 226.603.255
archbischop2 226.60nan
twa-three2 226.603.255
popular2 226.603.255
states2 226.603.255
been24 2,719.243.245
dictionar2 226.603.188
bear2 226.603.188
term2 226.603.188
from4 453.213.180
eneuch6 679.813.151
problem3 339.903.138
diglossia2 226.60nan
grund3 339.903.138
at's3 339.903.138
wi52 5,891.683.123
biggest2 226.603.122
ages2 226.603.122
heid4 453.213.098
drew2 226.603.059
development2 226.603.059
fadere2 226.60nan
century4 453.213.057
belt2 226.602.996
welsh2 226.602.996
didna2 226.602.958
nae17 1,926.132.957
gro2 226.60nan
international2 226.602.996
screivit2 226.602.935
tell2 226.602.830
maistly3 339.902.790
register2 226.602.762
stertin2 226.602.762
jalouse2 226.602.762
george2 226.602.762
feyt2 226.60nan
heich3 339.902.754
life2 226.602.734
hantle2 226.602.707
lallans2 226.602.653
de2 226.602.653
transmeission2 226.60nan
reason3 339.903.179
part2 226.602.653
population2 226.602.653
ettles2 226.602.600
learnin2 226.602.600
socht2 226.602.549
hung2 226.602.549
pairt7 793.112.539
twinty2 226.602.449
anti-latinate2 226.60nan
west2 226.602.449
braid3 339.902.416
thrang2 226.602.401
bairns8 906.412.363
wunner2 226.602.354
attemps2 226.60nan
still3 339.902.314
moribund2 226.60nan
proper2 226.602.308
gar2 226.602.263
wha2 226.602.249
schuil4 453.212.242
easy3 339.902.233
een3 339.902.206
guid14 1,586.222.192
feck2 226.602.176
stane3 339.902.146
deil2 226.602.133
douglas3 339.902.118
warld6 679.812.112
situation2 226.602.092
our3 339.902.090
chynged2 226.602.051
kenspeckle2 226.602.011
roon2 226.602.011
shops2 226.601.972
lives2 226.601.972
days2 226.601.914
schuils2 226.601.896
wide2 226.601.896
bein3 339.901.883
later4 453.211.880
made10 1,133.021.864
ower14 1,586.221.845
syne3 339.901.790
last2 226.601.789
ulster2 226.601.788
nocht2 226.601.788
tither2 226.601.788
system2 226.601.788
campaign2 226.601.754
wast2 226.601.720
report3 339.901.687
gled2 226.601.686
speirt3 339.901.664
and69 7,817.811.655
micht10 1,133.021.634
better2 226.601.631
intonation2 226.60nan
soond3 339.901.597
fack2 226.601.590
case3 339.901.533
interviewin2 226.60nan
ither14 1,586.221.522
burns3 339.901.491
welsh's2 226.60nan
bring3 339.901.491
did4 453.211.475
important3 339.901.470
places2 226.601.469
ony10 1,133.021.448
worth2 226.601.412
ettle2 226.601.412
scotland6 679.811.387
real3 339.901.371
hings2 226.601.357
lord2 226.601.357
sindry2 226.601.304
fin9 1,019.711.301
first5 566.511.292
future2 226.601.278
wirdin2 226.60nan
view2 226.601.278
may2 226.601.278
gey7 793.111.254
pitten2 226.601.228
biggit2 226.601.228
aa21 2,379.331.181
general2 226.601.179
neist4 453.211.168
ah61 6,911.401.166
letter2 226.601.155
happen2 226.601.155
english4 453.211.138
brocht4 453.211.127
gaed3 339.901.116
till2 226.601.115
able3 339.901.104
again10 1,133.021.076
public3 339.901.072
throu2 226.601.050
ayont2 226.601.043
edicational2 226.60nan
duin3 339.901.072
gaun8 906.411.040
least3 339.900.964
need6 679.810.913
eidioms2 226.60nan
best2 226.600.908
sense3 339.900.907
sicht3 339.900.907
ablow2 226.600.882
biggin2 226.600.882
abuin3 339.900.865
media2 226.600.845
wark5 566.510.840
proveision2 226.60nan
haud4 453.210.816
gets2 226.600.809
thing3 339.900.803
onythin2 226.600.775
culture3 339.900.774
years2 226.600.773
see11 1,246.320.769
agin3 339.900.761
because3 339.900.761
taen5 566.510.758
hoo4 453.210.753
thaim11 1,246.320.748
metaphorical2 226.60nan
room2 226.600.730
we40 4,532.060.728
ootside3 339.900.678
place3 339.900.660
dae8 906.410.657
or33 3,738.950.652
bade2 226.600.648
likely2 226.600.648
baith7 793.110.608
sae11 1,246.320.606
archaisin2 226.60nan
heard2 226.600.639
stop2 226.600.605
thochts2 226.600.605
only6 679.810.598
gang2 226.600.592
mynd2 226.600.577
face3 339.900.556
mak5 566.510.527
re4 453.210.511
body4 453.210.497
end2 226.600.489
kirk3 339.900.474
no20 2,266.030.473
ilka2 226.600.458
cultural2 226.600.452
heids2 226.600.452
an214 24,246.540.450
men2 226.600.446
e6 679.810.444
canna4 453.210.437
to9 1,019.710.427
suin2 226.600.408
ae17 1,926.130.392
means2 226.600.367
though4 453.210.364
comes2 226.600.348
things3 339.900.345
write2 226.600.338
pittin2 226.600.338
siller3 339.900.330
dinna3 339.900.300
than11 1,246.320.297
ay15 1,699.520.294
hauf3 339.900.289
latinity2 226.60nan
kens2 226.600.284
john2 226.600.270
gae2 226.600.268
disnae2 226.600.268
alang3 339.900.266
takkin2 226.600.260
disna2 226.600.252
joodgement2 226.60nan
they37 4,192.160.250
gied3 339.900.241
these2 226.600.236
kloss's2 226.60nan
conteenas2 226.60nan
ontae2 226.600.260
daein3 339.900.233
solecisms2 226.60nan
state2 226.600.229
year6 679.810.228
wull2 226.600.227
isnae2 226.600.208
wheen3 339.900.195
while3 339.900.188
really2 226.600.178
hale4 453.210.149
words3 339.900.148
which3 339.900.143
tent2 226.600.141
seemed2 226.600.141
weel9 1,019.710.141
stertit2 226.600.135
mean2 226.600.131
efter11 1,246.320.128
northart2 226.60nan
anither5 566.510.126
tak8 906.410.109
group2 226.600.106
gien4 453.210.102
past2 226.600.090
languages2 226.600.080
itsel2 226.600.080
one2 226.600.080
intae14 1,586.220.080
sent2 226.600.069
pit7 793.110.067
maks2 226.600.066
any2 226.600.062
kin3 339.900.059
out2 226.600.059
feet2 226.600.059
never3 339.900.057
gies2 226.600.050
twa11 1,246.320.047
near3 339.900.047
some13 1,472.920.047
anent2 226.600.046
cud4 453.210.041
pre-emptive2 226.60nan
sayed6 679.810.044
conversely2 226.60nan
name4 453.210.051
tried2 226.600.038
dinnae3 339.900.032
national2 226.600.031
cannae3 339.900.031
non-leiterary2 226.60nan
through4 453.210.029
will8 906.410.028
language8 906.410.024
gie7 793.110.022
street2 226.600.016
turn2 226.600.016
aince2 226.600.014
thae4 453.210.011
on55 6,231.590.011
new7 793.110.010
naebody2 226.600.009
thegither3 339.900.004
had12 1,359.620.004
tho4 453.210.004
hame7 793.110.003
keep4 453.210.003
set4 453.210.003
black2 226.600.002
play2 226.600.002
en3 339.900.002
didnae4 453.210.001
fower2 226.600.001
lang9 1,019.710.001
descreivit2 226.60nan
disteinctive2 226.60nan