A Corpus of 21st Century Scots Texts

Intro a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z Texts Writers Statistics Top200 Search Compare

Levenshtein Distance

Enter a word to find nearest neighbouring words, for example ablow

- basic concord - pre-sorted concord - post-sorted concord - map and chronology - chronogrid - fine-grain concord -

Similar words to arose in Corpus

Levenshtein Double Levenshtein SoundEx MetaPhone Manually curated
arose (0) - 15 freq
brose (1) - 22 freq
arase (1) - 1 freq
acrose (1) - 1 freq
arse (1) - 113 freq
arise (1) - 10 freq
rose (1) - 216 freq
prose (1) - 60 freq
grose (1) - 1 freq
'rose (1) - 1 freq
rise (2) - 242 freq
aloe (2) - 1 freq
argos (2) - 8 freq
arms (2) - 64 freq
roge (2) - 2 freq
roase (2) - 1 freq
rope (2) - 116 freq
rone (2) - 2 freq
atone (2) - 2 freq
varse (2) - 1 freq
growe (2) - 108 freq
across (2) - 584 freq
amore (2) - 1 freq
trope (2) - 2 freq
ase (2) - 1 freq
arose (0) - 15 freq
arse (1) - 113 freq
rose (1) - 216 freq
arise (1) - 10 freq
arase (1) - 1 freq
rouse (2) - 14 freq
ros (2) - 1 freq
araise (2) - 1 freq
rase (2) - 37 freq
ars (2) - 2 freq
erse (2) - 269 freq
rosy (2) - 40 freq
ruse (2) - 1 freq
rese (2) - 1 freq
rosa (2) - 12 freq
eros (2) - 16 freq
ares (2) - 3 freq
roose (2) - 5 freq
ryse (2) - 5 freq
grose (2) - 1 freq
prose (2) - 60 freq
acrose (2) - 1 freq
brose (2) - 22 freq
'rose (2) - 1 freq
rise (2) - 242 freq
SoundEx code - A620
arise - 10 freq
airs - 38 freq
areas - 93 freq
are-ach - 1 freq
argue - 49 freq
airk - 3 freq
aawhaurs - 1 freq
arse - 113 freq
argie - 17 freq
arras - 24 freq
araise - 1 freq
archway - 2 freq
arch - 13 freq
archie - 92 freq
airch - 12 freq
arose - 15 freq
aers - 2 freq
ayres - 1 freq
argy - 6 freq
air's - 26 freq
arraws - 1 freq
airse - 13 freq
auroch - 2 freq
arcs - 1 freq
airchee - 1 freq
aroass - 1 freq
arc - 7 freq
argo - 6 freq
ark - 12 freq
'aaargh - 1 freq
'aargh - 1 freq
aries - 3 freq
airchie - 71 freq
awrchi - 1 freq
archwye - 4 freq
arghhh - 1 freq
aaaargh - 1 freq
'arse' - 1 freq
airies - 1 freq
aire's - 17 freq
airish - 38 freq
arrows - 4 freq
a-ors - 1 freq
arase - 1 freq
aircs - 1 freq
argh - 4 freq
aweers - 1 freq
argie' - 1 freq
awwhaurs - 1 freq
ayrez - 1 freq
ayre's - 1 freq
ares - 3 freq
arsia - 1 freq
arks - 1 freq
€œaires - 1 freq
airis - 1 freq
awhaurs - 1 freq
airrs - 2 freq
aurs - 1 freq
arrige - 1 freq
ars - 2 freq
€˜aaaargh - 1 freq
airgie - 1 freq
airisch - 6 freq
arezzo - 1 freq
€œarrggghh - 1 freq
€œaargh - 2 freq
airsch - 3 freq
airgue - 3 freq
airways - 3 freq
arraes - 1 freq
airc - 1 freq
aireÂ’s - 2 freq
awork - 1 freq
airÂ’s - 1 freq
aires - 1 freq
'airs - 1 freq
aaaaaargh - 1 freq
arz - 1 freq
arky - 1 freq
ahirshah - 1 freq
ayrsh - 1 freq
archaeo - 1 freq
MetaPhone code - ARS
arise - 10 freq
airs - 38 freq
areas - 93 freq
arse - 113 freq
arras - 24 freq
araise - 1 freq
arose - 15 freq
ayres - 1 freq
air's - 26 freq
arraws - 1 freq
airse - 13 freq
aroass - 1 freq
aries - 3 freq
'arse' - 1 freq
airies - 1 freq
aire's - 17 freq
arrows - 4 freq
a-ors - 1 freq
arase - 1 freq
ayrez - 1 freq
ayre's - 1 freq
ares - 3 freq
€œaires - 1 freq
airis - 1 freq
airrs - 2 freq
aurs - 1 freq
ars - 2 freq
arezzo - 1 freq
arraes - 1 freq
aireÂ’s - 2 freq
airÂ’s - 1 freq
aires - 1 freq
'airs - 1 freq
arz - 1 freq
AROSE
Time to execute Levenshtein function - 0.198815 milliseconds
The Levenshtein distance is the number of characters you have to replace, insert or delete to transform one word into another, its useful for detecting typos and alternative spellings
Time to execute Double Levenshtein function - 0.396799 milliseconds
In a stroke of genius, this runs the Levenshtein function twice, once without vowels and adds the distance together, giving double weight to consonants.
Time to execute SoundEx function - 0.028049 milliseconds
Soundex is a phonetic algorithm for indexing names by sound, as pronounced in English. The goal is for homophones to be encoded to the same representation so that they can be matched despite minor differences in spelling.
Time to execute MetaPhone function - 0.036446 milliseconds
Metaphone is a phonetic algorithm, published by Lawrence Philips in 1990, for indexing words by their English pronunciation.[1] It fundamentally improves on the Soundex algorithm by using information about variations and inconsistencies in English spelling and pronunciation to produce a more accurate encoding, which does a better job of matching words and names which sound similar.
Time to execute Manually curated function - 0.000859 milliseconds
Manual Curation uses a lookup table / lexicon which has been created by hand which links words to their lemmas, and includes obvious typos and spelling variations. Not all words are covered.