A Corpus of 21st Century Scots Texts

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Levenshtein Distance

Enter a word to find nearest neighbouring words, for example ablow

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Similar words to copper in Corpus

Levenshtein Double Levenshtein SoundEx MetaPhone Manually curated
copper (0) - 22 freq
cropper (1) - 3 freq
cooper (1) - 18 freq
chopper (1) - 5 freq
clopper (1) - 1 freq
cowper (1) - 2 freq
coppers (1) - 9 freq
coapper (1) - 1 freq
couper (1) - 2 freq
bopper (1) - 3 freq
topper (1) - 12 freq
capper (1) - 2 freq
popper (1) - 3 freq
choppers (2) - 1 freq
topped (2) - 1 freq
caper (2) - 14 freq
lopped (2) - 1 freq
clipper (2) - 3 freq
compear (2) - 4 freq
bopped (2) - 1 freq
compere (2) - 6 freq
cowped (2) - 48 freq
cooser (2) - 3 freq
couped (2) - 9 freq
cooler (2) - 12 freq
copper (0) - 22 freq
coapper (1) - 1 freq
capper (1) - 2 freq
popper (2) - 3 freq
chopper (2) - 5 freq
caipper (2) - 1 freq
cropper (2) - 3 freq
bopper (2) - 3 freq
topper (2) - 12 freq
cowper (2) - 2 freq
clopper (2) - 1 freq
couper (2) - 2 freq
coppers (2) - 9 freq
cooper (2) - 18 freq
cupped (3) - 9 freq
kipper (3) - 5 freq
nipper (3) - 1 freq
rapper (3) - 4 freq
copp (3) - 1 freq
vupper (3) - 1 freq
napper (3) - 36 freq
tipper (3) - 14 freq
pepper (3) - 83 freq
crapper (3) - 1 freq
'upper (3) - 1 freq
SoundEx code - C160
cover - 148 freq
caber - 4 freq
copper - 22 freq
cheeper - 4 freq
chipper - 24 freq
chaiper - 2 freq
caper - 14 freq
chauffeur - 4 freq
cuuver - 1 freq
caipper - 1 freq
caberray - 1 freq
caberay - 1 freq
coapper - 1 freq
cupar - 5 freq
cheaper - 14 freq
cobra - 5 freq
caviar - 11 freq
cooper - 18 freq
caber' - 2 freq
chopper - 5 freq
coupar - 3 freq
cuiver - 4 freq
'cover - 1 freq
cyber-ee - 1 freq
cyberee - 1 freq
chiver - 1 freq
capper - 2 freq
chaper - 3 freq
cebr - 1 freq
cheffooer - 1 freq
caviaar - 1 freq
cipher - 1 freq
caviare - 1 freq
coupower - 1 freq
ciobair - 1 freq
cyber - 4 freq
chapper - 2 freq
caiver - 1 freq
chbr - 1 freq
czqbur - 1 freq
cowper - 2 freq
chepper - 1 freq
czfwr - 1 freq
cfar - 1 freq
couper - 2 freq
cuvver - 1 freq
MetaPhone code - KPR
keeper - 43 freq
copper - 22 freq
caper - 14 freq
keiper - 1 freq
caipper - 1 freq
kipper - 5 freq
coapper - 1 freq
cupar - 5 freq
cooper - 18 freq
coupar - 3 freq
capper - 2 freq
kuiper - 11 freq
cowper - 2 freq
“keeper” - 1 freq
couper - 2 freq
COPPER
Time to execute Levenshtein function - 0.197987 milliseconds
The Levenshtein distance is the number of characters you have to replace, insert or delete to transform one word into another, its useful for detecting typos and alternative spellings
Time to execute Double Levenshtein function - 0.390697 milliseconds
In a stroke of genius, this runs the Levenshtein function twice, once without vowels and adds the distance together, giving double weight to consonants.
Time to execute SoundEx function - 0.058834 milliseconds
Soundex is a phonetic algorithm for indexing names by sound, as pronounced in English. The goal is for homophones to be encoded to the same representation so that they can be matched despite minor differences in spelling.
Time to execute MetaPhone function - 0.036564 milliseconds
Metaphone is a phonetic algorithm, published by Lawrence Philips in 1990, for indexing words by their English pronunciation.[1] It fundamentally improves on the Soundex algorithm by using information about variations and inconsistencies in English spelling and pronunciation to produce a more accurate encoding, which does a better job of matching words and names which sound similar.
Time to execute Manually curated function - 0.000825 milliseconds
Manual Curation uses a lookup table / lexicon which has been created by hand which links words to their lemmas, and includes obvious typos and spelling variations. Not all words are covered.