A Corpus of 21st Century Scots Texts

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Levenshtein Distance

Enter a word to find nearest neighbouring words, for example sonsie

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Similar words to foreword in Corpus

Levenshtein Double Levenshtein SoundEx MetaPhone Manually curated
foreword (0) - 4 freq
forewird (1) - 6 freq
forewurd (1) - 1 freq
forewarn (2) - 1 freq
foreswore (2) - 1 freq
forward (2) - 158 freq
firework (2) - 7 freq
forwird (2) - 2 freq
'foreword' (2) - 1 freq
forrard (3) - 3 freq
foreshore (3) - 3 freq
forenoon (3) - 6 freq
foreerm (3) - 1 freq
forwards (3) - 5 freq
record (3) - 98 freq
forlorn (3) - 8 freq
foretoul (3) - 3 freq
fore'er (3) - 1 freq
f-word (3) - 2 freq
firewid (3) - 26 freq
owerword (3) - 1 freq
firewark (3) - 2 freq
hameword (3) - 1 freq
remord (3) - 2 freq
reward (3) - 46 freq
foreword (0) - 4 freq
forewurd (1) - 1 freq
forewird (1) - 6 freq
forwird (2) - 2 freq
forward (2) - 158 freq
forwaard (3) - 1 freq
firework (3) - 7 freq
ferwerd (3) - 1 freq
forewarn (3) - 1 freq
firewidd (4) - 3 freq
firewark (4) - 2 freq
owerword (4) - 1 freq
reward (4) - 46 freq
firebird (4) - 1 freq
firewuid (4) - 1 freq
firewid (4) - 26 freq
furwaird (4) - 1 freq
firewirk (4) - 2 freq
for'ard (4) - 2 freq
norward (4) - 1 freq
forrard (4) - 3 freq
'foreword' (4) - 1 freq
foreswore (4) - 1 freq
owrewird (4) - 1 freq
forwards (4) - 5 freq
SoundEx code - F663
forward - 158 freq
forwardin - 1 freq
forewird - 6 freq
forwart - 4 freq
furwirds - 1 freq
forwards - 5 freq
'foreword' - 1 freq
forwird - 2 freq
frawart - 2 freq
forewurd - 1 freq
forrard - 3 freq
firey-reid - 1 freq
'forward' - 1 freq
foreword - 4 freq
forwarded - 2 freq
forordnar - 2 freq
for'ard - 2 freq
forrart - 3 freq
forordinar - 1 freq
forerede - 1 freq
forwaard - 1 freq
fair-haired - 1 freq
faeryartemis - 1 freq
forwirds - 1 freq
furwaird - 1 freq
ferwerd - 1 freq
MetaPhone code - FRWRT
forward - 158 freq
forewird - 6 freq
forwart - 4 freq
'foreword' - 1 freq
forwird - 2 freq
frawart - 2 freq
forewurd - 1 freq
'forward' - 1 freq
foreword - 4 freq
forwaard - 1 freq
furwaird - 1 freq
ferwerd - 1 freq
FOREWORD
Time to execute Levenshtein function - 0.210347 milliseconds
The Levenshtein distance is the number of characters you have to replace, insert or delete to transform one word into another, its useful for detecting typos and alternative spellings
Time to execute Double Levenshtein function - 0.337439 milliseconds
In a stroke of genius, this runs the Levenshtein function twice, once without vowels and adds the distance together, giving double weight to consonants.
Time to execute SoundEx function - 0.026932 milliseconds
Soundex is a phonetic algorithm for indexing names by sound, as pronounced in English. The goal is for homophones to be encoded to the same representation so that they can be matched despite minor differences in spelling.
Time to execute MetaPhone function - 0.038120 milliseconds
Metaphone is a phonetic algorithm, published by Lawrence Philips in 1990, for indexing words by their English pronunciation.[1] It fundamentally improves on the Soundex algorithm by using information about variations and inconsistencies in English spelling and pronunciation to produce a more accurate encoding, which does a better job of matching words and names which sound similar.
Time to execute Manually curated function - 0.000807 milliseconds
Manual Curation uses a lookup table / lexicon which has been created by hand which links words to their lemmas, and includes obvious typos and spelling variations. Not all words are covered.