A Corpus of 21st Century Scots Texts

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Levenshtein Distance

Enter a word to find nearest neighbouring words, for example sonsie

- basic concord - pre-sorted concord - post-sorted concord - map and chronology - chronogrid - fine-grain concord -

Similar words to formulate in Corpus

Levenshtein Double Levenshtein SoundEx MetaPhone Manually curated
formulate (0) - 2 freq
formulae (1) - 3 freq
formulas (2) - 2 freq
formulatin (2) - 1 freq
fortunate (2) - 8 freq
formula (2) - 6 freq
fortunat (3) - 1 freq
fornicate (3) - 1 freq
formulation (3) - 2 freq
circulate (3) - 3 freq
formality (3) - 4 freq
consulate (3) - 1 freq
format (3) - 37 freq
coagulate (3) - 1 freq
populate (3) - 3 freq
emulate (3) - 2 freq
sporulate (3) - 1 freq
formats (3) - 9 freq
stimulate (3) - 3 freq
formless (4) - 2 freq
forkfae (4) - 1 freq
foraye (4) - 13 freq
forgave (4) - 1 freq
frigate (4) - 1 freq
'fortunate' (4) - 1 freq
formulate (0) - 2 freq
formulae (2) - 3 freq
formality (3) - 4 freq
formula (3) - 6 freq
formulas (3) - 2 freq
formulatin (3) - 1 freq
furmality (4) - 1 freq
format (4) - 37 freq
formulation (4) - 2 freq
fortunate (4) - 8 freq
formt (5) - 2 freq
normality (5) - 9 freq
formit (5) - 6 freq
fermlaun (5) - 1 freq
fordelt (5) - 2 freq
formally (5) - 7 freq
formal (5) - 59 freq
formaist (5) - 1 freq
firmlee (5) - 1 freq
furrult (5) - 1 freq
fermlan (5) - 1 freq
emulate (5) - 2 freq
stimulate (5) - 3 freq
formats (5) - 9 freq
circulate (5) - 3 freq
SoundEx code - F654
firmly - 41 freq
formally - 7 freq
formal - 59 freq
freenly - 22 freq
formula - 6 freq
fernlie - 1 freq
formulae - 3 freq
formality - 4 freq
formulas - 2 freq
ferm-life - 1 freq
frienly - 5 freq
frien'liness - 1 freq
freenly-lookin - 1 freq
formless - 2 freq
frienless - 1 freq
furmal - 1 freq
freinlie - 5 freq
fairmlan - 1 freq
fernielea - 1 freq
formulation - 2 freq
formaldehyde - 2 freq
ferm-louns - 1 freq
freenlie - 2 freq
frumlie - 3 freq
'frumlie' - 1 freq
freinlier' - 1 freq
free-online - 18 freq
fermlan - 1 freq
freinlie-lik - 1 freq
furmality - 1 freq
freinly - 3 freq
fermlaun - 1 freq
fermland - 1 freq
firmal - 1 freq
furmless - 1 freq
firm-like - 1 freq
formulatin - 1 freq
formulate - 2 freq
frenulum - 1 freq
firmlee - 1 freq
firmil - 2 freq
€œfirmil - 1 freq
franwella - 4 freq
MetaPhone code - FRMLT
formality - 4 freq
furmality - 1 freq
formulate - 2 freq
FORMULATE
Time to execute Levenshtein function - 0.182556 milliseconds
The Levenshtein distance is the number of characters you have to replace, insert or delete to transform one word into another, its useful for detecting typos and alternative spellings
Time to execute Double Levenshtein function - 0.362969 milliseconds
In a stroke of genius, this runs the Levenshtein function twice, once without vowels and adds the distance together, giving double weight to consonants.
Time to execute SoundEx function - 0.027902 milliseconds
Soundex is a phonetic algorithm for indexing names by sound, as pronounced in English. The goal is for homophones to be encoded to the same representation so that they can be matched despite minor differences in spelling.
Time to execute MetaPhone function - 0.037331 milliseconds
Metaphone is a phonetic algorithm, published by Lawrence Philips in 1990, for indexing words by their English pronunciation.[1] It fundamentally improves on the Soundex algorithm by using information about variations and inconsistencies in English spelling and pronunciation to produce a more accurate encoding, which does a better job of matching words and names which sound similar.
Time to execute Manually curated function - 0.000794 milliseconds
Manual Curation uses a lookup table / lexicon which has been created by hand which links words to their lemmas, and includes obvious typos and spelling variations. Not all words are covered.