A Corpus of 21st Century Scots Texts

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Levenshtein Distance

Enter a word to find nearest neighbouring words, for example ahint

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Similar words to paul in Corpus

Levenshtein Double Levenshtein SoundEx MetaPhone Manually curated
paul (0) - 149 freq
paulo (1) - 2 freq
pael (1) - 2 freq
baul (1) - 2 freq
paum (1) - 2 freq
waul (1) - 1 freq
paut (1) - 1 freq
paula (1) - 4 freq
taul (1) - 11 freq
pul (1) - 6 freq
pauls (1) - 1 freq
paulm (1) - 2 freq
paud (1) - 1 freq
pail (1) - 49 freq
'aul (1) - 2 freq
pall (1) - 5 freq
paal (1) - 2 freq
payl (1) - 1 freq
pal (1) - 497 freq
faul (1) - 1 freq
plul (1) - 1 freq
caul (1) - 77 freq
paule (1) - 1 freq
saul (1) - 60 freq
aul (1) - 395 freq
paul (0) - 149 freq
pul (1) - 6 freq
pal (1) - 497 freq
pail (1) - 49 freq
paal (1) - 2 freq
payl (1) - 1 freq
paula (1) - 4 freq
pael (1) - 2 freq
paule (1) - 1 freq
paulo (1) - 2 freq
paulie (2) - 1 freq
pool (2) - 110 freq
piyl (2) - 1 freq
peal (2) - 3 freq
pl (2) - 14 freq
pale (2) - 86 freq
puil (2) - 36 freq
poal (2) - 1 freq
peel (2) - 41 freq
puol (2) - 1 freq
pule (2) - 4 freq
haul (2) - 47 freq
plu (2) - 2 freq
paolo (2) - 1 freq
pil (2) - 5 freq
SoundEx code - P400
pool - 110 freq
pol - 4 freq
pale - 86 freq
play - 719 freq
ploy - 109 freq
pile - 110 freq
pal - 497 freq
pull - 136 freq
plea - 20 freq
peel - 41 freq
pll - 4 freq
paella - 7 freq
pole - 45 freq
pail - 49 freq
pley - 45 freq
pill - 11 freq
pulley - 9 freq
paula - 4 freq
paul - 149 freq
pal' - 1 freq
ploo - 44 freq
pule - 4 freq
puil - 36 freq
polly - 12 freq
pillae - 12 freq
puhl - 1 freq
peely - 18 freq
pilla - 11 freq
pally - 12 freq
pillow - 10 freq
pil - 5 freq
p'll - 1 freq
plou - 12 freq
pall - 5 freq
peelie - 9 freq
poal - 1 freq
pully - 2 freq
paal - 2 freq
pyle - 2 freq
puilee - 1 freq
payl - 1 freq
plee - 1 freq
pilly - 1 freq
polo - 11 freq
poll - 42 freq
pul - 6 freq
polloi - 2 freq
poly - 12 freq
'pull - 1 freq
ply - 3 freq
pola - 6 freq
plu - 2 freq
playyy - 1 freq
peal - 3 freq
paulo - 2 freq
pöl - 1 freq
polly' - 1 freq
powl - 6 freq
pael - 2 freq
phil - 29 freq
pilie - 1 freq
peullie - 10 freq
pewl - 3 freq
piyl - 1 freq
pl - 14 freq
pfühl - 1 freq
pale' - 1 freq
paill - 1 freq
ploy' - 1 freq
ploo- - 1 freq
powlie - 1 freq
pele - 17 freq
plew - 1 freq
paule - 1 freq
€œpole - 1 freq
plae - 1 freq
€˜paul - 3 freq
€œpal - 1 freq
'pile' - 1 freq
pallo - 1 freq
€œpull - 1 freq
phial - 1 freq
plaw - 1 freq
pell - 4 freq
paulie - 1 freq
piley - 1 freq
philae - 1 freq
pfl - 1 freq
pilau - 2 freq
ppl - 3 freq
pbl - 1 freq
puull - 1 freq
'peely - 1 freq
pelao - 1 freq
palio - 1 freq
plww - 1 freq
pellow - 1 freq
paolo - 1 freq
puol - 1 freq
ple - 1 freq
MetaPhone code - PL
pool - 110 freq
pol - 4 freq
pale - 86 freq
play - 719 freq
ploy - 109 freq
pile - 110 freq
pal - 497 freq
pull - 136 freq
plea - 20 freq
peel - 41 freq
pll - 4 freq
paella - 7 freq
pole - 45 freq
pail - 49 freq
pley - 45 freq
pill - 11 freq
pulley - 9 freq
paula - 4 freq
paul - 149 freq
pal' - 1 freq
ploo - 44 freq
pule - 4 freq
puil - 36 freq
polly - 12 freq
pillae - 12 freq
puhl - 1 freq
peely - 18 freq
pilla - 11 freq
pally - 12 freq
pillow - 10 freq
pil - 5 freq
p'll - 1 freq
plou - 12 freq
pall - 5 freq
peelie - 9 freq
poal - 1 freq
pully - 2 freq
paal - 2 freq
pyle - 2 freq
puilee - 1 freq
payl - 1 freq
plee - 1 freq
pilly - 1 freq
polo - 11 freq
poll - 42 freq
pul - 6 freq
polloi - 2 freq
poly - 12 freq
'pull - 1 freq
ply - 3 freq
pola - 6 freq
plu - 2 freq
playyy - 1 freq
peal - 3 freq
paulo - 2 freq
pöl - 1 freq
polly' - 1 freq
powl - 6 freq
pael - 2 freq
pilie - 1 freq
peullie - 10 freq
pewl - 3 freq
piyl - 1 freq
pl - 14 freq
pale' - 1 freq
paill - 1 freq
ploy' - 1 freq
ploo- - 1 freq
powlie - 1 freq
pele - 17 freq
plew - 1 freq
paule - 1 freq
€œpole - 1 freq
plae - 1 freq
€˜paul - 3 freq
€œpal - 1 freq
'pile' - 1 freq
pallo - 1 freq
€œpull - 1 freq
plaw - 1 freq
pell - 4 freq
paulie - 1 freq
piley - 1 freq
pilau - 2 freq
ppl - 3 freq
puull - 1 freq
'peely - 1 freq
pelao - 1 freq
palio - 1 freq
plww - 1 freq
pellow - 1 freq
paolo - 1 freq
puol - 1 freq
ple - 1 freq
PAUL
Time to execute Levenshtein function - 0.164068 milliseconds
The Levenshtein distance is the number of characters you have to replace, insert or delete to transform one word into another, its useful for detecting typos and alternative spellings
Time to execute Double Levenshtein function - 0.302540 milliseconds
In a stroke of genius, this runs the Levenshtein function twice, once without vowels and adds the distance together, giving double weight to consonants.
Time to execute SoundEx function - 0.030981 milliseconds
Soundex is a phonetic algorithm for indexing names by sound, as pronounced in English. The goal is for homophones to be encoded to the same representation so that they can be matched despite minor differences in spelling.
Time to execute MetaPhone function - 0.037030 milliseconds
Metaphone is a phonetic algorithm, published by Lawrence Philips in 1990, for indexing words by their English pronunciation.[1] It fundamentally improves on the Soundex algorithm by using information about variations and inconsistencies in English spelling and pronunciation to produce a more accurate encoding, which does a better job of matching words and names which sound similar.
Time to execute Manually curated function - 0.000820 milliseconds
Manual Curation uses a lookup table / lexicon which has been created by hand which links words to their lemmas, and includes obvious typos and spelling variations. Not all words are covered.