A Corpus of 21st Century Scots Texts

Intro a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z Texts Writers Statistics Top200 Search Compare

Levenshtein Distance

Enter a word to find nearest neighbouring words, for example ablow

- basic concord - pre-sorted concord - post-sorted concord - map and chronology - chronogrid - fine-grain concord -

Similar words to caldwell in Corpus

Levenshtein Double Levenshtein SoundEx MetaPhone Manually curated
caldwell (0) - 1 freq
carswell (2) - 3 freq
cantwell (2) - 3 freq
alsweill (3) - 1 freq
indwell (3) - 1 freq
castell (3) - 1 freq
calder (3) - 12 freq
cromwell (3) - 8 freq
farewell (3) - 13 freq
cadboll (3) - 1 freq
maxwell (3) - 16 freq
campbell (3) - 96 freq
dwell (3) - 11 freq
dalyell (3) - 6 freq
ladywell (3) - 2 freq
aswell (3) - 6 freq
waxwell (3) - 1 freq
calders (3) - 2 freq
candill (3) - 1 freq
waddell (3) - 1 freq
aideeal (4) - 1 freq
dayell (4) - 1 freq
ill-wull (4) - 5 freq
boswell (4) - 3 freq
calmly (4) - 14 freq
caldwell (0) - 1 freq
ladywell (4) - 2 freq
cantwell (4) - 3 freq
carswell (4) - 3 freq
dwell (5) - 11 freq
candill (5) - 1 freq
cromwell (5) - 8 freq
cadboll (5) - 1 freq
indwell (5) - 1 freq
alsweill (5) - 1 freq
ackwall (6) - 1 freq
lexwell (6) - 7 freq
ill-will (6) - 6 freq
dwall (6) - 10 freq
colmonell (6) - 1 freq
colinbell (6) - 13 freq
beldhill (6) - 2 freq
guidwull (6) - 6 freq
cornwall (6) - 9 freq
holdall (6) - 14 freq
ull-wull (6) - 2 freq
hold-all (6) - 3 freq
cod'll (6) - 1 freq
liddell (6) - 4 freq
cauldly (6) - 4 freq
SoundEx code - C434
childlik - 1 freq
claith'll - 1 freq
childline - 1 freq
cloodless - 3 freq
cauldly - 4 freq
cult-like - 1 freq
cloudless - 4 freq
cowldly - 1 freq
caldwell - 1 freq
chillootauldyin - 1 freq
clydeladies - 2 freq
MetaPhone code - KLTWL
caldwell - 1 freq
CALDWELL
Time to execute Levenshtein function - 0.210983 milliseconds
The Levenshtein distance is the number of characters you have to replace, insert or delete to transform one word into another, its useful for detecting typos and alternative spellings
Time to execute Double Levenshtein function - 0.388914 milliseconds
In a stroke of genius, this runs the Levenshtein function twice, once without vowels and adds the distance together, giving double weight to consonants.
Time to execute SoundEx function - 0.027094 milliseconds
Soundex is a phonetic algorithm for indexing names by sound, as pronounced in English. The goal is for homophones to be encoded to the same representation so that they can be matched despite minor differences in spelling.
Time to execute MetaPhone function - 0.038218 milliseconds
Metaphone is a phonetic algorithm, published by Lawrence Philips in 1990, for indexing words by their English pronunciation.[1] It fundamentally improves on the Soundex algorithm by using information about variations and inconsistencies in English spelling and pronunciation to produce a more accurate encoding, which does a better job of matching words and names which sound similar.
Time to execute Manually curated function - 0.000860 milliseconds
Manual Curation uses a lookup table / lexicon which has been created by hand which links words to their lemmas, and includes obvious typos and spelling variations. Not all words are covered.