A Corpus of 21st Century Scots Texts

Intro a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z Texts Writers Statistics Top200 Search Compare

Levenshtein Distance

Enter a word to find nearest neighbouring words, for example ablow

- basic concord - pre-sorted concord - post-sorted concord - map and chronology - chronogrid - fine-grain concord -

Similar words to retain in Corpus

Levenshtein Double Levenshtein SoundEx MetaPhone Manually curated
retain (0) - 8 freq
retrain (1) - 2 freq
retains (1) - 4 freq
remain (1) - 39 freq
regain (1) - 10 freq
retail (1) - 7 freq
rtin (2) - 1 freq
return (2) - 130 freq
remaint (2) - 1 freq
ruttin (2) - 1 freq
rearin (2) - 8 freq
cretin (2) - 2 freq
retirin (2) - 10 freq
getan (2) - 1 freq
getin (2) - 1 freq
stain (2) - 26 freq
rein (2) - 14 freq
mettin (2) - 2 freq
detail (2) - 42 freq
restin (2) - 29 freq
ratin (2) - 1 freq
attain (2) - 2 freq
reidin (2) - 1 freq
regalin (2) - 1 freq
reapin (2) - 4 freq
retain (0) - 8 freq
ratin (2) - 1 freq
ritan (2) - 5 freq
rtin (2) - 1 freq
retail (2) - 7 freq
retains (2) - 4 freq
retrain (2) - 2 freq
remain (2) - 39 freq
regain (2) - 10 freq
ruitin (3) - 2 freq
resin (3) - 6 freq
retrun (3) - 1 freq
rootan (3) - 1 freq
reevin (3) - 3 freq
rejoin (3) - 3 freq
redein (3) - 1 freq
retuirn (3) - 1 freq
rain (3) - 672 freq
readin (3) - 366 freq
reesin (3) - 1 freq
recaain (3) - 1 freq
rettie (3) - 1 freq
remin (3) - 1 freq
relyin (3) - 7 freq
britain (3) - 107 freq
SoundEx code - R350
rotten - 66 freq
rottan - 6 freq
readin - 366 freq
ruitin - 2 freq
routine - 35 freq
redeem - 15 freq
reddin - 60 freq
ratton - 51 freq
raidin - 9 freq
rowtin - 4 freq
road-en - 3 freq
rhythm - 50 freq
ridin - 59 freq
ruttin - 1 freq
rothiemay - 1 freq
readeen - 1 freq
rootine - 1 freq
rottin - 10 freq
rooteen - 1 freq
raiden - 2 freq
ritten - 1 freq
retain - 8 freq
rodden - 15 freq
rythmn - 1 freq
readyin - 5 freq
readan - 10 freq
riddin - 1 freq
rootin - 2 freq
roadin - 87 freq
reeden - 3 freq
'reed-moo' - 1 freq
rite-in - 2 freq
reidin - 1 freq
riotin - 3 freq
roddin' - 1 freq
readin' - 3 freq
ridden - 8 freq
reddina - 1 freq
ration - 4 freq
ridan - 1 freq
raedin - 1 freq
redin - 2 freq
raedan - 1 freq
raedeen - 1 freq
rootan - 1 freq
'ratton - 1 freq
røttin - 1 freq
rittan - 2 freq
ridin' - 1 freq
rötin - 1 freq
roddin - 8 freq
redd-hann - 1 freq
reiden - 1 freq
rydin - 1 freq
rattoun - 1 freq
redden - 1 freq
rydein - 1 freq
rademe - 2 freq
redein - 1 freq
€œrotten - 1 freq
€œroutine - 2 freq
ratin - 1 freq
routin - 1 freq
reheatin - 1 freq
rytmy - 3 freq
ritan - 5 freq
rtuyim - 1 freq
readinÂ’ - 1 freq
rootin' - 1 freq
“ridin - 1 freq
rtin - 1 freq
readien - 1 freq
rodono - 1 freq
'reddin - 1 freq
rodney - 1 freq
reidan - 1 freq
rotten' - 1 freq
MetaPhone code - RTN
rotten - 66 freq
written - 276 freq
rottan - 6 freq
wrutten - 84 freq
readin - 366 freq
writin - 355 freq
ruitin - 2 freq
routine - 35 freq
reddin - 60 freq
ratton - 51 freq
raidin - 9 freq
rowtin - 4 freq
road-en - 3 freq
ridin - 59 freq
ruttin - 1 freq
readeen - 1 freq
writeen - 3 freq
rootine - 1 freq
rottin - 10 freq
rooteen - 1 freq
raiden - 2 freq
ritten - 1 freq
retain - 8 freq
writin' - 2 freq
rodden - 15 freq
readan - 10 freq
riddin - 1 freq
rootin - 2 freq
roadin - 87 freq
reeden - 3 freq
rite-in - 2 freq
reidin - 1 freq
riotin - 3 freq
roddin' - 1 freq
readin' - 3 freq
ridden - 8 freq
reddina - 1 freq
yritten - 1 freq
'writin - 1 freq
writan - 27 freq
ridan - 1 freq
raedin - 1 freq
redin - 2 freq
wrytin - 4 freq
raedan - 1 freq
raedeen - 1 freq
rootan - 1 freq
'ratton - 1 freq
røttin - 1 freq
rittan - 2 freq
ridin' - 1 freq
rötin - 1 freq
roddin - 8 freq
reiden - 1 freq
rydin - 1 freq
rattoun - 1 freq
redden - 1 freq
rydein - 1 freq
redein - 1 freq
€œrotten - 1 freq
€œroutine - 2 freq
writen - 1 freq
wrtin - 1 freq
ratin - 1 freq
routin - 1 freq
ritan - 5 freq
readinÂ’ - 1 freq
rootin' - 1 freq
“ridin - 1 freq
rtin - 1 freq
readien - 1 freq
rodono - 1 freq
'reddin - 1 freq
rodney - 1 freq
reidan - 1 freq
rotten' - 1 freq
RETAIN
Time to execute Levenshtein function - 0.199809 milliseconds
The Levenshtein distance is the number of characters you have to replace, insert or delete to transform one word into another, its useful for detecting typos and alternative spellings
Time to execute Double Levenshtein function - 0.320574 milliseconds
In a stroke of genius, this runs the Levenshtein function twice, once without vowels and adds the distance together, giving double weight to consonants.
Time to execute SoundEx function - 0.027413 milliseconds
Soundex is a phonetic algorithm for indexing names by sound, as pronounced in English. The goal is for homophones to be encoded to the same representation so that they can be matched despite minor differences in spelling.
Time to execute MetaPhone function - 0.036512 milliseconds
Metaphone is a phonetic algorithm, published by Lawrence Philips in 1990, for indexing words by their English pronunciation.[1] It fundamentally improves on the Soundex algorithm by using information about variations and inconsistencies in English spelling and pronunciation to produce a more accurate encoding, which does a better job of matching words and names which sound similar.
Time to execute Manually curated function - 0.000798 milliseconds
Manual Curation uses a lookup table / lexicon which has been created by hand which links words to their lemmas, and includes obvious typos and spelling variations. Not all words are covered.