A Corpus of 21st Century Scots Texts

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Levenshtein Distance

Enter a word to find nearest neighbouring words, for example sonsie

- basic concord - pre-sorted concord - post-sorted concord - map and chronology - chronogrid - fine-grain concord -

Similar words to returned in Corpus

Levenshtein Double Levenshtein SoundEx MetaPhone Manually curated
returned (0) - 47 freq
returnin (2) - 14 freq
retained (2) - 2 freq
unturned (2) - 3 freq
retoured (2) - 14 freq
returnit (2) - 6 freq
returns (2) - 27 freq
returnan (2) - 1 freq
returnt (2) - 16 freq
retorted (2) - 5 freq
retired (2) - 40 freq
turned (2) - 491 freq
upturned (2) - 7 freq
return (2) - 130 freq
return't (2) - 1 freq
purned (3) - 1 freq
rebutted (3) - 1 freq
reisgned (3) - 1 freq
detained (3) - 1 freq
secured (3) - 4 freq
rotund (3) - 1 freq
retiret (3) - 1 freq
reformed (3) - 5 freq
renowned (3) - 4 freq
reined (3) - 2 freq
returned (0) - 47 freq
returnt (3) - 16 freq
retired (3) - 40 freq
turned (3) - 491 freq
return (3) - 130 freq
upturned (3) - 7 freq
returnan (3) - 1 freq
retorted (3) - 5 freq
retained (3) - 2 freq
returns (3) - 27 freq
unturned (3) - 3 freq
returnin (3) - 14 freq
retoured (3) - 14 freq
returnit (3) - 6 freq
retuirn (4) - 1 freq
retuirnt (4) - 3 freq
retirnan (4) - 1 freq
tirned (4) - 24 freq
rationed (4) - 4 freq
retraced (4) - 1 freq
reteired (4) - 3 freq
retard (4) - 2 freq
rotund (4) - 1 freq
return't (4) - 1 freq
turner (5) - 8 freq
SoundEx code - R365
returned - 47 freq
returns - 27 freq
return - 130 freq
roadrunner - 8 freq
returnin - 14 freq
retuirnt - 3 freq
retuirn - 1 freq
returnit - 6 freq
retrun - 1 freq
retrunit - 1 freq
retiring - 4 freq
retirin - 10 freq
returnable - 1 freq
returnt - 16 freq
reteirment - 1 freq
retirement - 14 freq
reedrimmed - 1 freq
retirement's - 1 freq
reed-ringed - 1 freq
returning - 9 freq
return't - 1 freq
rudderin - 1 freq
returnin' - 1 freq
returnan - 1 freq
retourin - 4 freq
raither'n - 1 freq
retouring - 1 freq
rederendum - 1 freq
retirnan - 1 freq
ratherryan - 1 freq
retirementtales - 1 freq
retrain - 2 freq
MetaPhone code - RTRNT
returned - 47 freq
retuirnt - 3 freq
returnit - 6 freq
retrunit - 1 freq
returnt - 16 freq
return't - 1 freq
RETURNED
Time to execute Levenshtein function - 0.185641 milliseconds
The Levenshtein distance is the number of characters you have to replace, insert or delete to transform one word into another, its useful for detecting typos and alternative spellings
Time to execute Double Levenshtein function - 0.377857 milliseconds
In a stroke of genius, this runs the Levenshtein function twice, once without vowels and adds the distance together, giving double weight to consonants.
Time to execute SoundEx function - 0.028120 milliseconds
Soundex is a phonetic algorithm for indexing names by sound, as pronounced in English. The goal is for homophones to be encoded to the same representation so that they can be matched despite minor differences in spelling.
Time to execute MetaPhone function - 0.039568 milliseconds
Metaphone is a phonetic algorithm, published by Lawrence Philips in 1990, for indexing words by their English pronunciation.[1] It fundamentally improves on the Soundex algorithm by using information about variations and inconsistencies in English spelling and pronunciation to produce a more accurate encoding, which does a better job of matching words and names which sound similar.
Time to execute Manually curated function - 0.000981 milliseconds
Manual Curation uses a lookup table / lexicon which has been created by hand which links words to their lemmas, and includes obvious typos and spelling variations. Not all words are covered.