A Corpus of 21st Century Scots Texts

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Macafee, Caroline

Basic Stats

Total words by this author in corpus - 8,826
Total unique words used by this author in corpus - 2,536
Ratio of total words to unique words - 3.48
Tagged as LAL (General Central) dialect.
Top ten most common words - the, o, tae, an, a, in, at, scots, be, is,

List of texts in corpus

Lallans 63 - Auld plain Scottis
Lallans Magazine (2003-12) in Central dialect (LAL), categorised as prose (3,378 words)

Lallans 61 - Glesca dialeck i the modren warld
Lallans Magazine (2002-09-01 ) in Central dialect (LAL), categorised as prose (2,414 words)
Lallans 57 - Lea the leid alane
Lallans Magazine (2000-09-01 ) in Central dialect (LAL), categorised as prose (3,034 words)

Author word Keyness frequencies

This should list the words that the author uses in a disproportionate manner more often than other writers in the corpus. This may include (a) proper nouns (character names in the author's stories), (b) other words related to the specific subject matter and (c) words specific to the regional dialect.
WordCount Normalised
per million		 Keyness
inglis56 6,344.89338.808
was80 9,064.13217.866
thare47 5,325.18213.531
laitin17 1,926.13149.717
staundart20 2,266.03147.115
scots116 13,142.99141.709
sanct17 1,926.13136.169
latinate16 1,812.83129.943
dialecks19 2,152.73118.639
curse17 1,926.13110.567
he7 793.11106.171
at143 16,202.1392.670
s7 793.1188.168
gleswegian10 1,133.0284.783
o314 35,576.7181.529
dialeck14 1,586.2275.106
vocabular13 1,472.9272.753
be112 12,689.7872.252
staunart13 1,472.9270.016
vernacular11 1,246.3269.948
spellin17 1,926.1366.006
research14 1,586.2266.004
style13 1,472.9263.768
her4 453.2163.182
leid33 3,738.9563.031
tradeitional9 1,019.7162.632
haly9 1,019.7158.666
coinage6 679.8151.610
scotlan10 1,133.0250.532
has24 2,719.2447.992
frae52 5,891.6847.452
wirds22 2,492.6445.684
the667 75,572.1744.295
slang9 1,019.7142.459
screivers7 793.1142.086
macafee6 679.8140.801
of40 4,532.0639.157
is105 11,896.6736.981
his14 1,586.2236.826
but6 679.8136.132
prose7 793.1135.755
aften13 1,472.9235.641
sud9 1,019.7134.391
shift9 1,019.7134.391
reform6 679.8133.856
aulder11 1,246.3233.606
period8 906.4133.526
tendency4 453.2133.235
borraein4 453.2133.235
pint8 906.4132.863
langage13 1,472.9232.400
symbolic4 453.2130.618
strathclyde4 453.2130.618
contrar4 453.2130.618
gleswegians4 453.2130.618
ma10 1,133.0230.570
plain8 906.4130.206
spreid7 793.1128.958
fameiliar4 453.2128.712
terms8 906.4128.201
cognitive4 453.2127.200
french9 1,019.7125.257
are32 3,625.6525.175
hainin4 453.2124.863
proportion4 453.2124.863
stage7 793.1124.792
process7 793.1124.559
spickers15 1,699.52nan
anes9 1,019.7124.515
glesga6 679.8124.405
glesca9 1,019.7124.371
condeitions3 339.9024.185
monolithic3 339.9024.185
staundardised3 339.9024.185
practick3 339.9024.185
deifficult3 339.9024.185
schuiled3 339.9024.185
thame5 566.5123.998
modren9 1,019.7123.948
raither9 1,019.7123.948
oreiginal4 453.2123.920
a185 20,960.8023.884
linguistic9 1,019.7123.672
that46 5,211.8723.625
instance6 679.8123.493
dominant4 453.2123.081
processes4 453.2123.081
reader5 566.5122.677
central6 679.8122.653
speech7 793.1122.444
as92 10,423.7522.334
whither7 793.1122.252
terminology3 339.9021.970
involuntary3 339.9021.970
staundardisation3 339.9021.970
percentage3 339.9021.970
effeck5 566.5121.891
generation6 679.8121.874
day2 226.6021.744
they're8 906.4121.662
marra4 453.2121.640
recommendations4 453.2121.640
al6 679.8121.386
bit48 5,438.4821.376
acause9 1,019.7121.294
necessar6 679.8121.150
englan10 1,133.02nan
mellin5 566.5120.826
wird11 1,246.3220.632
urban5 566.5120.497
haurdly5 566.5120.497
you2 226.6020.417
blaud3 339.9020.399
houanever3 339.9020.399
weel's3 339.9020.399
flowe3 339.9020.399
spick6 679.8119.836
leids12 1,359.6219.436
loss6 679.8119.433
survey4 453.2119.389
siccan4 453.2119.389
their35 3,965.5619.182
dimension3 339.9019.173
acteivities3 339.9019.173
reivers3 339.9019.173
muckler3 339.9019.173
analogy3 339.9019.173
ane24 2,719.2419.027
activists4 453.2118.919
e'en6 679.8118.857
minority8 906.4118.851
uised8 906.4118.513
's4 453.2118.477
pints4 453.2118.477
it's21 2,379.3318.325
kyne3 339.9018.166
offeicial3 339.9018.166
d2 226.6017.758
interestin5 566.5117.742
staunardisation8 906.41nan
opposed3 339.9018.166
apostrophes3 339.9017.311
landwart3 339.9017.311
resident3 339.9017.311
tradeition3 339.9017.311
oot15 1,699.5217.139
ther5 566.5116.843
me10 1,133.0216.757
mentiont3 339.9016.567
scottish17 1,926.1316.377
mass4 453.2116.269
weil4 453.2116.269
nor18 2,039.4315.905
macdiarmid4 453.2115.661
kintras4 453.2115.376
camp4 453.2115.376
spreidin3 339.9015.322
vera3 339.9015.322
athout3 339.9015.322
creiticism2 226.6015.309
sociolinguistic2 226.6015.309
fieldwark2 226.6015.309
anglicisation2 226.6015.309
constructs2 226.6015.309
cunyies7 793.11nan
identifyin2 226.6015.309
interviewees2 226.6015.309
facto2 226.6015.309
sharon2 226.6015.309
milroy2 226.6015.309
creitics2 226.6015.309
inkhorn2 226.6015.309
domesticatit2 226.6015.309
rejection2 226.6015.309
innovation2 226.6015.309
metaphor2 226.6015.309
retrospeck2 226.6015.309
rejeckit2 226.6015.309
macdiarmid's2 226.6015.309
cursing2 226.6015.309
attributes2 226.6015.309
for79 8,950.8314.830
doon5 566.5114.791
forbye7 793.1114.357
sample3 339.9014.304
providit3 339.9014.304
cent3 339.9014.304
seems8 906.4113.972
wee5 566.5113.896
fishman7 793.11nan
theirsels6 679.8116.246
aareadies4 453.2113.869
items3 339.9013.857
it69 7,817.8113.797
recogneition2 226.6013.599
continental2 226.6013.599
grampian2 226.6013.599
arguably2 226.6013.599
fra2 226.6013.599
hoards2 226.6013.599
childcare2 226.6013.599
sharon's2 226.6013.599
passive2 226.6013.599
middle8 906.4113.392
mony14 1,586.2212.985
sic14 1,586.2212.770
functions3 339.9012.700
heicher3 339.9012.700
atween13 1,472.9212.570
mair35 3,965.5612.536
especially5 566.5112.468
issue4 453.2112.447
affeck2 226.6012.431
elaborate2 226.6012.431
buid2 226.6012.431
intelligibeility5 566.51nan
confirmt2 226.6012.431
genres2 226.6012.431
tradeitions2 226.6012.431
conseider2 226.6012.431
lawlans2 226.6012.431
professionals2 226.6012.431
replacement2 226.6012.431
translatin2 226.6012.431
aff2 226.6012.187
attitudes3 339.9012.045
maitter6 679.8111.790
synthetic2 226.6011.540
socially2 226.6011.540
vices2 226.6011.540
worlds2 226.6011.540
tradin2 226.6011.540
like9 1,019.7111.519
prentit4 453.2111.430
ken2 226.6011.350
fowk27 3,059.1411.123
glaswegian'5 566.51nan
haes20 2,266.0311.258
pynts4 453.2111.123
etc4 453.2110.975
screivin3 339.9010.936
per3 339.9010.936
dictionary4 453.2110.830
writers4 453.2110.830
eimage2 226.6010.819
prejudice2 226.6010.819
interviewed2 226.6010.819
continuum2 226.6010.819
ootwith2 226.6010.819
owersetters2 226.6010.819
losses2 226.6010.819
liker2 226.6010.819
glottal2 226.6010.819
identify2 226.6010.819
whiles8 906.4110.741
efforts3 339.9010.692
spellins4 453.2110.688
amang8 906.4110.528
likes7 793.1110.324
murdoch2 226.6010.215
geographical2 226.6010.215
ruit2 226.6010.215
by-ordinar2 226.6010.215
lik12 1,359.6210.116
knawledge3 339.9010.021
chyce3 339.9010.021
scale3 339.9010.021
local7 793.119.970
afore2 226.609.948
ettlin5 566.519.854
stages2 226.609.694
lawland2 226.609.694
authors2 226.609.694
elaboration4 453.21nan
can27 3,059.1410.413
deiferent5 566.51nan
advancement2 226.6012.431
necessarily2 226.609.694
distinctive2 226.609.694
aless2 226.609.694
walth2 226.609.694
chynge5 566.519.681
contack3 339.909.618
ah'm6 679.819.581
all8 906.419.579
whan21 2,379.339.528
juist17 1,926.139.357
sancte4 453.21nan
academic3 339.909.244
chynges3 339.909.244
influences2 226.609.238
discovert2 226.609.238
quotation2 226.609.238
owercome2 226.609.238
lexical2 226.609.238
whose2 226.609.238
clause2 226.609.238
contexts2 226.609.238
variation2 226.609.238
aw9 1,019.719.105
here2 226.609.095
findin3 339.909.067
ordinar3 339.909.067
money6 679.819.006
back7 793.118.976
fun6 679.818.884
ironic2 226.608.832
replace2 226.608.832
community6 679.818.763
scottis3 339.908.732
wey18 2,039.438.679
correckness4 453.21nan
status4 453.218.673
areas4 453.218.673
area4 453.218.673
i75 8,497.628.633
whaur15 1,699.528.631
text4 453.218.573
includin4 453.218.475
wersh2 226.608.466
revival2 226.608.466
nursery2 226.608.466
ideal2 226.608.466
trace2 226.608.466
gavin2 226.608.466
value3 339.908.417
different8 906.418.306
context3 339.908.267
laich3 339.908.267
decline2 226.608.134
developments2 226.608.134
programmes2 226.608.134
solution2 226.608.134
warsle2 226.608.134
whaurever2 226.608.134
regions2 226.608.134
certes2 226.608.134
acceptance2 226.608.134
single4 453.218.098
grammar4 453.218.098
forms3 339.907.981
influence3 339.907.981
weans5 566.517.951
ain19 2,152.737.845
freely2 226.607.830
schemes2 226.607.830
cairries2 226.607.830
poetic2 226.607.830
figures2 226.607.830
spickin3 339.907.711
lave5 566.517.692
ootower2 226.607.550
comatee4 453.217.412
union4 453.217.412
speceifically3 339.90nan
follaein4 453.217.331
wints2 226.607.291
auctorite3 339.90nan
label2 226.607.291
norther3 339.90nan
traditional'3 339.90nan
ceity2 226.607.291
under5 566.517.263
by5 566.517.217
its20 2,266.037.213
daith4 453.217.098
region2 226.607.049
weys5 566.517.031
mercat3 339.906.983
were3 339.906.976
hevin2 226.606.823
auld-farrant2 226.606.823
everyday2 226.606.823
screive2 226.606.823
offers2 226.606.823
varieties2 226.606.823
grantit2 226.606.823
wad19 2,152.736.800
thir10 1,133.026.728
got2 226.606.694
seem5 566.516.645
offered2 226.606.611
evidently2 226.606.611
thirlt2 226.606.611
bairns'2 226.606.611
nelde3 339.90nan
creative3 339.906.555
introduced2 226.606.412
council2 226.606.412
model2 226.606.412
growein2 226.606.412
census3 339.906.260
houssis3 339.90nan
within3 339.906.260
begoud3 339.906.260
simply3 339.906.260
coorse8 906.416.254
richt4 453.216.233
gudis3 339.90nan
registers2 226.606.223
rhythm2 226.606.223
features2 226.606.223
aucht2 226.606.223
exists2 226.606.223
say2 226.606.174
allan3 339.906.165
nation3 339.906.165
us4 453.216.113
differ3 339.906.073
maist14 1,586.226.054
element2 226.606.045
suggest2 226.606.045
includes2 226.606.045
oor5 566.515.951
parteicularly3 339.90nan
x2 226.605.875
hugh2 226.605.875
my2 226.605.861
athort3 339.905.808
about6 679.815.741
housin3 339.90nan
hoose2 226.605.737
sangs3 339.905.723
acceptit2 226.605.714
dictionars2 226.605.714
et4 453.215.705
late5 566.515.625
athin4 453.215.590
goals2 226.605.561
deleiberate3 339.90nan
expeck2 226.605.561
environment2 226.605.561
oorsels3 339.905.558
sometimes'3 339.90nan
regional3 339.905.558
cless3 339.905.479
muckle15 1,699.525.468
reenge2 226.605.414
quote2 226.605.414
relationship2 226.605.414
isna5 566.515.366
could2 226.605.354
onywey3 339.905.323
tae221 25,039.665.287
hinneren2 226.605.274
spak4 453.215.263
if6 679.815.245
aiblins4 453.215.211
questions3 339.905.174
p3 339.905.174
possible3 339.905.174
three10 1,133.025.150
child2 226.605.140
it'll2 226.605.140
european4 453.215.108
lothian2 226.605.012
without2 226.605.012
uisin3 339.904.960
auld5 566.514.935
main4 453.214.909
sin7 793.114.792
affcome2 226.604.769
hainit3 339.90nan
pynt4 453.214.765
leiteracy3 339.90nan
practical2 226.604.769
society3 339.904.757
writin5 566.514.735
edication3 339.90nan
up22 2,492.644.721
wadna4 453.214.718
time8 906.414.681
this47 5,325.184.681
formal2 226.604.655
clesses2 226.604.655
favour2 226.604.655
think2 226.604.641
border3 339.904.627
parteicular3 339.90nan
aboot16 1,812.834.612
hae31 3,512.354.567
economic2 226.604.545
daesna2 226.604.545
makars2 226.604.545
age4 453.214.536
whilk3 339.904.502
aither3 339.904.441
wasnae2 226.604.439
ferlie2 226.604.439
independent2 226.604.439
wint5 566.514.379
trade2 226.604.336
fundin2 226.604.336
excommunication2 226.60nan
war2 226.604.393
uiss3 339.904.322
same10 1,133.024.299
t2 226.604.264
them7 793.114.260
mind2 226.604.252
historical2 226.604.237
insteid4 453.214.152
synonyms2 226.60nan
strang4 453.214.193
weel-kent2 226.604.141
cries2 226.604.141
indications2 226.60nan
doun8 906.414.145
cried6 679.814.139
gotten4 453.214.072
recently2 226.604.049
unless2 226.604.049
centuries2 226.604.049
walcome2 226.604.049
awaur2 226.604.049
easier2 226.603.959
daes3 339.903.934
thon12 1,359.623.908
kent2 226.603.893
in161 18,241.563.892
throuch2 226.60nan
shared2 226.603.872
less5 566.513.862
uise4 453.213.840
social4 453.213.840
question4 453.213.840
curriculum2 226.603.705
projeck2 226.603.705
step3 339.903.681
round2 226.603.626
awa5 566.513.595
with5 566.513.569
success2 226.603.474
hamelt2 226.603.474
whit28 3,172.453.458
tom2 226.603.401
transmeission2 226.60nan
maybes2 226.603.401
disteinction2 226.60nan
han2 226.603.549
borders2 226.603.401
gin12 1,359.623.373
ilk4 453.213.348
there32 3,625.653.342
greek2 226.603.330
cairried2 226.603.330
get6 679.813.297
noo8 906.413.267
subjeck2 226.603.260
states2 226.603.260
twa-three2 226.603.260
been24 2,719.243.246
archbischop2 226.60nan
popular2 226.603.260
bear2 226.603.193
dictionar2 226.603.193
term2 226.603.193
from4 453.213.188
reason3 339.903.186
eneuch6 679.813.162
diglossia2 226.60nan
grund3 339.903.145
problem3 339.903.145
at's3 339.903.145
ages2 226.603.128
normally'2 226.60nan
biggest2 226.603.128
wi52 5,891.683.110
heid4 453.213.101
fadere2 226.60nan
century4 453.213.065
drew2 226.603.064
development2 226.603.064
international2 226.603.001
belt2 226.603.001
gro2 226.60nan
welsh2 226.603.001
nae17 1,926.132.958
didna2 226.602.947
screivit2 226.602.941
tell2 226.602.819
maistly3 339.902.796
register2 226.602.767
jalouse2 226.602.767
george2 226.602.767
stertin2 226.602.767
heich3 339.902.760
hantle2 226.602.712
lallans2 226.602.658
feyt2 226.60nan
life2 226.602.723
de2 226.602.658
part2 226.602.658
population2 226.602.658
learnin2 226.602.605
ettles2 226.602.605
socht2 226.602.554
hung2 226.602.554
pairt7 793.112.550
twinty2 226.602.454
west2 226.602.454
anti-latinate2 226.60nan
braid3 339.902.423
thrang2 226.602.406
bairns8 906.412.361
wunner2 226.602.359
proper2 226.602.313
moribund2 226.60nan
attemps2 226.60nan
still3 339.902.303
gar2 226.602.268
schuil4 453.212.249
easy3 339.902.239
wha2 226.602.239
guid14 1,586.222.207
een3 339.902.195
feck2 226.602.180
deil2 226.602.138
stane3 339.902.124
douglas3 339.902.124
warld6 679.812.122
our3 339.902.096
situation2 226.602.056
chynged2 226.602.056
roon2 226.602.041
kenspeckle2 226.602.016
lives2 226.601.977
shops2 226.601.977
days2 226.601.905
wide2 226.601.901
schuils2 226.601.901
later4 453.211.887
made10 1,133.021.876
bein3 339.901.873
ower14 1,586.221.826
last2 226.601.800
system2 226.601.793
tither2 226.601.793
nocht2 226.601.793
ulster2 226.601.793
syne3 339.901.780
campaign2 226.601.758
wast2 226.601.724
report3 339.901.692
gled2 226.601.690
and69 7,817.811.685
speirt3 339.901.670
micht10 1,133.021.645
welsh's2 226.60nan
better2 226.601.632
soond3 339.901.603
fack2 226.601.594
intonation2 226.60nan
interviewin2 226.60nan
case3 339.901.538
ither14 1,586.221.535
burns3 339.901.496
bring3 339.901.496
did4 453.211.479
important3 339.901.475
places2 226.601.473
ony10 1,133.021.450
ettle2 226.601.416
worth2 226.601.416
scotland6 679.811.376
lord2 226.601.361
hings2 226.601.361
real3 339.901.357
fin9 1,019.711.311
sindry2 226.601.308
may2 226.601.282
view2 226.601.282
wirdin2 226.60nan
future2 226.601.282
first5 566.511.282
gey7 793.111.262
pitten2 226.601.232
biggit2 226.601.232
aa21 2,379.331.195
general2 226.601.183
neist4 453.211.173
letter2 226.601.159
happen2 226.601.159
ah61 6,911.401.151
brocht4 453.211.133
english4 453.211.129
gaed3 339.901.109
till2 226.601.109
duin3 339.901.077
edicational2 226.60nan
able3 339.901.109
public3 339.901.077
again10 1,133.021.065
gaun8 906.411.048
ayont2 226.601.047
throu2 226.601.044
least3 339.900.969
need6 679.810.920
sense3 339.900.911
sicht3 339.900.911
best2 226.600.903
ablow2 226.600.885
abuin3 339.900.870
eidioms2 226.60nan
biggin2 226.600.885
media2 226.600.848
proveision2 226.60nan
wark5 566.510.845
haud4 453.210.821
thing3 339.900.797
gets2 226.600.795
onythin2 226.600.778
culture3 339.900.778
years2 226.600.768
see11 1,246.320.766
metaphorical2 226.60nan
because3 339.900.765
agin3 339.900.765
taen5 566.510.764
hoo4 453.210.758
thaim11 1,246.320.756
room2 226.600.732
we40 4,532.060.730
dae8 906.410.677
or33 3,738.950.663
place3 339.900.655
likely2 226.600.651
bade2 226.600.651
archaisin2 226.60nan
ootside3 339.900.648
heard2 226.600.635
baith7 793.110.608
thochts2 226.600.607
stop2 226.600.607
sae11 1,246.320.597
only6 679.810.590
gang2 226.600.588
mynd2 226.600.580
face3 339.900.551
mak5 566.510.521
re4 453.210.520
body4 453.210.501
no20 2,266.030.486
end2 226.600.485
kirk3 339.900.469
cultural2 226.600.455
heids2 226.600.455
ilka2 226.600.454
e6 679.810.449
men2 226.600.442
canna4 453.210.441
an214 24,246.540.434
to9 1,019.710.420
suin2 226.600.410
means2 226.600.369
though4 453.210.367
comes2 226.600.345
things3 339.900.342
write2 226.600.340
siller3 339.900.333
latinity2 226.60nan
pittin2 226.600.340
ae17 1,926.130.327
ay15 1,699.520.300
than11 1,246.320.299
dinna3 339.900.297
kens2 226.600.287
hauf3 339.900.285
gae2 226.600.270
john2 226.600.267
alang3 339.900.267
disnae2 226.600.262
takkin2 226.600.262
disna2 226.600.254
conteenas2 226.60nan
these2 226.600.239
gied3 339.900.238
daein3 339.900.236
state2 226.600.231
they37 4,192.160.231
wull2 226.600.225
isnae2 226.600.210
wheen3 339.900.198
solecisms2 226.60nan
year6 679.810.224
while3 339.900.185
really2 226.600.185
joodgement2 226.60nan
words3 339.900.150
hale4 453.210.148
tent2 226.600.142
seemed2 226.600.142
weel9 1,019.710.139
stertit2 226.600.137
mean2 226.600.129
efter11 1,246.320.127
anither5 566.510.124
tak8 906.410.112
group2 226.600.107
gien4 453.210.104
past2 226.600.089
intae14 1,586.220.083
one2 226.600.082
languages2 226.600.082
itsel2 226.600.082
sent2 226.600.070
northart2 226.60nan
which3 339.900.141
maks2 226.600.067
pit7 793.110.065
never3 339.900.060
any2 226.600.060
kin3 339.900.058
out2 226.600.057
feet2 226.600.057
kloss's2 226.60nan
ontae2 226.600.262
name4 453.210.051
conversely2 226.60nan
twa11 1,246.320.047
some13 1,472.920.047
pre-emptive2 226.60nan
gies2 226.600.050
near3 339.900.046
anent2 226.600.045
cud4 453.210.043
sayed6 679.810.042
tried2 226.600.039
national2 226.600.032
dinnae3 339.900.031
cannae3 339.900.031
non-leiterary2 226.60nan
through4 453.210.031
will8 906.410.030
language8 906.410.026
gie7 793.110.023
street2 226.600.018
turn2 226.600.015
aince2 226.600.015
on55 6,231.590.014
thae4 453.210.012
new7 793.110.011
naebody2 226.600.009
had12 1,359.620.005
thegither3 339.900.004
tho4 453.210.004
keep4 453.210.003
black2 226.600.003
set4 453.210.002
descreivit2 226.60nan
hame7 793.110.003
en3 339.900.002
play2 226.600.002
didnae4 453.210.001
lang9 1,019.710.001
fower2 226.600.001
disteinctive2 226.60nan