A Corpus of 21st Century Scots Texts

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Macafee, Caroline

Basic Stats

Total words by this author in corpus - 8,826
Total unique words used by this author in corpus - 2,536
Ratio of total words to unique words - 3.48
Tagged as LAL (General Central) dialect.
Top ten most common words - the, o, tae, an, a, in, at, scots, be, is,

List of texts in corpus

Lallans 63 - Auld plain Scottis
Lallans Magazine (2003-12) in Central dialect (LAL), categorised as prose (3,378 words)

Lallans 61 - Glesca dialeck i the modren warld
Lallans Magazine (2002-09-01 ) in Central dialect (LAL), categorised as prose (2,414 words)
Lallans 57 - Lea the leid alane
Lallans Magazine (2000-09-01 ) in Central dialect (LAL), categorised as prose (3,034 words)

Author word Keyness frequencies

This should list the words that the author uses in a disproportionate manner more often than other writers in the corpus. This may include (a) proper nouns (character names in the author's stories), (b) other words related to the specific subject matter and (c) words specific to the regional dialect.
WordCount Normalised
per million		 Keyness
inglis56 6,344.89338.337
thare47 5,325.18210.621
was80 9,064.13209.768
laitin17 1,926.13150.132
staundart20 2,266.03147.602
scots116 13,142.99141.807
sanct17 1,926.13136.583
latinate16 1,812.83130.333
dialecks19 2,152.73119.097
curse17 1,926.13110.978
he7 793.11107.260
at143 16,202.1392.362
s7 793.1185.771
gleswegian10 1,133.0285.027
o314 35,576.7179.844
dialeck14 1,586.2275.441
vocabular13 1,472.9273.065
be112 12,689.7872.457
staunart13 1,472.9270.327
vernacular11 1,246.3270.213
research14 1,586.2266.336
spellin17 1,926.1365.833
style13 1,472.9263.581
her4 453.2163.105
tradeitional9 1,019.7162.851
haly9 1,019.7158.883
leid33 3,738.9558.388
coinage6 679.8151.757
scotlan10 1,133.0249.715
has24 2,719.2448.131
the667 75,572.1746.504
frae52 5,891.6846.286
wirds22 2,492.6446.143
slang9 1,019.7142.672
screivers7 793.1142.255
macafee6 679.8140.946
of40 4,532.0640.578
his14 1,586.2237.307
is105 11,896.6736.929
aften13 1,472.9235.928
prose7 793.1135.922
but6 679.8135.697
shift9 1,019.7134.879
period8 906.4134.770
sud9 1,019.7134.600
pint8 906.4133.713
elaboration4 453.2133.333
borraein4 453.2133.333
reform6 679.8133.281
aulder11 1,246.3233.157
langage13 1,472.9232.682
contrar4 453.2130.715
tendency4 453.2130.715
strathclyde4 453.2130.715
gleswegians4 453.2130.715
symbolic4 453.2130.715
plain8 906.4130.390
fameiliar4 453.2128.809
spreid7 793.1128.169
terms8 906.4127.700
ma10 1,133.0227.675
cognitive4 453.2127.297
are32 3,625.6526.410
glesga6 679.8125.542
french9 1,019.7125.304
proportion4 453.2124.960
hainin4 453.2124.960
spickers15 1,699.52nan
glesca9 1,019.7124.569
process7 793.1124.490
anes9 1,019.7124.285
condeitions3 339.9024.258
monolithic3 339.9024.258
practick3 339.9024.258
deifficult3 339.9024.258
staundardised3 339.9024.258
schuiled3 339.9024.258
a185 20,960.8024.253
modren9 1,019.7124.145
raither9 1,019.7124.145
thame5 566.5124.116
oreiginal4 453.2124.016
linguistic9 1,019.7123.869
that46 5,211.8723.727
stage7 793.1123.614
instance6 679.8123.345
dominant4 453.2123.177
processes4 453.2123.177
speech7 793.1122.997
reader5 566.5122.794
central6 679.8122.792
involuntary3 339.9022.043
staundardisation3 339.9022.043
terminology3 339.9022.043
percentage3 339.9022.043
whither7 793.1122.034
generation6 679.8122.012
effeck5 566.5122.008
as92 10,423.7521.883
marra4 453.2121.735
recommendations4 453.2121.735
they're8 906.4121.695
acause9 1,019.7121.603
bit48 5,438.4821.398
day2 226.6021.344
mellin5 566.5120.943
englan10 1,133.02nan
necessar6 679.8121.056
haurdly5 566.5120.943
wird11 1,246.3220.856
urban5 566.5120.614
blaud3 339.9020.472
houanever3 339.9020.472
weel's3 339.9020.472
flowe3 339.9020.472
al6 679.8120.392
siccan4 453.2119.987
spick6 679.8119.972
ane24 2,719.2419.348
acteivities3 339.9019.246
reivers3 339.9019.246
dimension3 339.9019.246
analogy3 339.9019.246
you2 226.6019.245
e'en6 679.8119.180
their35 3,965.5619.116
activists4 453.2119.014
it's21 2,379.3318.636
's4 453.2118.571
survey4 453.2118.571
pints4 453.2118.571
loss6 679.8118.446
uised8 906.4118.246
tradeition3 339.9018.238
offeicial3 339.9018.238
opposed3 339.9018.238
staunardisation8 906.41nan
kyne3 339.9018.238
minority8 906.4117.928
d2 226.6017.820
interestin5 566.5117.395
resident3 339.9017.383
apostrophes3 339.9017.383
landwart3 339.9017.383
leids12 1,359.6217.349
scottish17 1,926.1317.244
oot15 1,699.5216.997
muckler3 339.9016.639
mentiont3 339.9016.639
weil4 453.2116.363
mass4 453.2116.052
theirsels6 679.8115.957
ther5 566.5115.764
macdiarmid4 453.2115.754
me10 1,133.0215.588
kintras4 453.2115.468
nor18 2,039.4315.423
athout3 339.9015.394
vera3 339.9015.394
spreidin3 339.9015.394
rejeckit2 226.6015.357
macdiarmid's2 226.6015.357
sociolinguistic2 226.6015.357
cursing2 226.6015.357
milroy2 226.6015.357
cunyies7 793.11nan
creiticism2 226.6015.357
facto2 226.6015.357
identifyin2 226.6015.357
constructs2 226.6015.357
fishman7 793.11nan
interviewees2 226.6015.357
attributes2 226.6015.357
fieldwark2 226.6015.357
sharon2 226.6015.357
creitics2 226.6015.357
inkhorn2 226.6015.357
domesticatit2 226.6015.357
innovation2 226.6015.357
anglicisation2 226.6015.357
metaphor2 226.6015.357
tradeitions2 226.6015.357
rejection2 226.6015.357
retrospeck2 226.6015.357
for79 8,950.8314.786
doon5 566.5114.780
camp4 453.2114.674
forbye7 793.1114.410
sample3 339.9014.375
providit3 339.9014.375
seems8 906.4113.984
aareadies4 453.2113.961
items3 339.9013.928
wee5 566.5113.909
middle8 906.4113.693
hoards2 226.6013.648
continental2 226.6013.648
childcare2 226.6013.648
sharon's2 226.6013.648
arguably2 226.6013.648
recogneition2 226.6013.648
grampian2 226.6013.648
passive2 226.6013.648
it69 7,817.8113.237
heicher3 339.9012.770
functions3 339.9012.770
mony14 1,586.2212.720
sic14 1,586.2212.720
especially5 566.5112.576
professionals2 226.6012.480
elaborate2 226.6012.480
socially2 226.6012.480
confirmt2 226.6012.480
intelligibeility5 566.51nan
replacement2 226.6012.480
buid2 226.6012.480
translatin2 226.6012.480
conseider2 226.6012.480
affeck2 226.6012.480
fra2 226.6012.480
genres2 226.6012.480
lawlans2 226.6012.480
advancement2 226.6012.480
cent3 339.9012.433
aff2 226.6012.201
attitudes3 339.9012.115
maitter6 679.8112.091
mair35 3,965.5612.075
atween13 1,472.9212.018
issue4 453.2112.008
synthetic2 226.6011.588
worlds2 226.6011.588
vices2 226.6011.588
tradin2 226.6011.588
deiferent5 566.51nan
ken2 226.6011.471
pynts4 453.2111.363
prentit4 453.2111.363
glaswegian'5 566.51nan
like9 1,019.7111.028
writers4 453.2110.918
dictionary4 453.2110.918
owersetters2 226.6010.867
glottal2 226.6010.867
interviewed2 226.6010.867
prejudice2 226.6010.867
continuum2 226.6010.867
eimage2 226.6010.867
ootwith2 226.6010.867
liker2 226.6010.867
spellins4 453.2110.776
efforts3 339.9010.761
whiles8 906.4110.730
fowk27 3,059.1410.729
can27 3,059.1410.661
haes20 2,266.0310.647
screivin3 339.9010.527
likes7 793.1110.459
etc4 453.2110.368
afore2 226.6010.272
amang8 906.4110.264
losses2 226.6010.262
murdoch2 226.6010.262
by-ordinar2 226.6010.262
ruit2 226.6010.262
geographical2 226.6010.262
knawledge3 339.9010.089
chyce3 339.9010.089
scale3 339.9010.089
lik12 1,359.6210.049
ettlin5 566.519.957
per3 339.909.883
local7 793.119.763
walth2 226.609.742
aless2 226.609.742
necessarily2 226.609.742
distinctive2 226.609.742
authors2 226.609.742
lawland2 226.609.742
ah'm6 679.819.699
contack3 339.909.685
i75 8,497.629.510
all8 906.419.489
whan21 2,379.339.384
academic3 339.909.312
money6 679.819.309
contexts2 226.609.285
influences2 226.609.285
correckness4 453.21nan
chynge5 566.519.698
discovert2 226.609.285
stages2 226.609.285
lexical2 226.609.285
clause2 226.609.285
identify2 226.609.285
variation2 226.609.285
quotation2 226.609.285
here2 226.609.160
juist17 1,926.139.130
chynges3 339.908.964
findin3 339.908.964
owercome2 226.608.879
ironic2 226.608.879
sancte4 453.21nan
text4 453.219.068
replace2 226.608.879
whose2 226.608.879
whaur15 1,699.528.846
fun6 679.818.819
scottis3 339.908.798
ordinar3 339.908.798
community6 679.818.760
area4 453.218.757
status4 453.218.757
areas4 453.218.757
back7 793.118.715
wey18 2,039.438.639
aw9 1,019.718.529
revival2 226.608.513
decline2 226.608.513
ideal2 226.608.513
gavin2 226.608.513
wersh2 226.608.513
nursery2 226.608.513
context3 339.908.484
value3 339.908.484
includin4 453.218.367
different8 906.418.243
laich3 339.908.188
whaurever2 226.608.181
trace2 226.608.181
certes2 226.608.181
solution2 226.608.181
warsle2 226.608.181
acceptance2 226.608.181
regions2 226.608.181
developments2 226.608.181
grammar4 453.218.090
forms3 339.908.047
influence3 339.908.047
single4 453.218.001
cairries2 226.607.877
freely2 226.607.877
schemes2 226.607.877
figures2 226.607.877
under5 566.517.853
ain19 2,152.737.819
lave5 566.517.789
spickin3 339.907.776
weans5 566.517.601
programmes2 226.607.596
comatee4 453.217.493
union4 453.217.493
by5 566.517.463
ootower2 226.607.337
ceity2 226.607.337
speceifically3 339.90nan
auctorite3 339.90nan
wints2 226.607.337
norther3 339.90nan
poetic2 226.607.337
traditional'3 339.90nan
label2 226.607.337
follaein4 453.217.255
x2 226.607.095
were3 339.907.073
weys5 566.517.069
mercat3 339.907.047
daith4 453.217.028
wad19 2,152.737.028
its20 2,266.036.932
hevin2 226.606.869
offered2 226.606.869
offers2 226.606.869
varieties2 226.606.869
grantit2 226.606.869
auld-farrant2 226.606.869
thir10 1,133.026.852
got2 226.606.809
seem5 566.516.792
council2 226.606.657
evidently2 226.606.657
houssis3 339.90nan
everyday2 226.606.869
bairns'2 226.606.657
thirlt2 226.606.657
within3 339.906.618
creative3 339.906.517
us4 453.216.466
gudis3 339.90nan
model2 226.606.457
oor5 566.516.354
simply3 339.906.322
exists2 226.606.268
features2 226.606.268
registers2 226.606.268
aucht2 226.606.268
coorse8 906.416.228
nelde3 339.90nan
growein2 226.606.268
begoud3 339.906.228
allan3 339.906.228
richt4 453.216.217
rhythm2 226.606.090
element2 226.606.090
suggest2 226.606.090
nation3 339.906.045
hoose2 226.605.983
say2 226.605.971
maist14 1,586.225.959
about6 679.815.957
sangs3 339.905.956
hugh2 226.605.920
includes2 226.605.920
introduced2 226.605.920
region2 226.605.920
differ3 339.905.784
parteicularly3 339.90nan
acceptit2 226.605.759
dictionars2 226.605.759
housin3 339.90nan
environment2 226.605.759
et4 453.215.723
my2 226.605.713
regional3 339.905.619
athin4 453.215.610
expeck2 226.605.605
quote2 226.605.605
muckle15 1,699.525.503
late5 566.515.497
reenge2 226.605.458
goals2 226.605.458
isna5 566.515.412
sometimes'3 339.90nan
relationship2 226.605.458
cless3 339.905.384
spak4 453.215.338
hinneren2 226.605.318
deleiberate3 339.90nan
without2 226.605.318
onywey3 339.905.308
athort3 339.905.234
possible3 339.905.234
oorsels3 339.905.234
p3 339.905.234
could2 226.605.226
it'll2 226.605.184
european4 453.215.182
questions3 339.905.161
child2 226.605.055
lothian2 226.605.055
if6 679.815.008
tae221 25,039.664.985
uisin3 339.904.950
aiblins4 453.214.933
three10 1,133.024.913
up22 2,492.644.854
pynt4 453.214.837
sin7 793.114.817
affcome2 226.604.812
practical2 226.604.812
auld5 566.514.790
leiteracy3 339.90nan
aboot16 1,812.834.747
wadna4 453.214.744
think2 226.604.702
hainit3 339.90nan
writin5 566.514.709
formal2 226.604.698
border3 339.904.686
edication3 339.90nan
census3 339.904.686
clesses2 226.604.587
daesna2 226.604.587
makars2 226.604.587
favour2 226.604.587
this47 5,325.184.584
time8 906.414.542
wasnae2 226.604.481
parteicular3 339.90nan
whilk3 339.904.499
economic2 226.604.481
ferlie2 226.604.481
war2 226.604.479
them7 793.114.450
wint5 566.514.427
t2 226.604.421
aither3 339.904.379
screive2 226.604.378
fundin2 226.604.378
trade2 226.604.378
same10 1,133.024.354
society3 339.904.321
cried6 679.814.286
awaur2 226.604.279
historical2 226.604.279
uiss3 339.904.264
strang4 453.214.263
indications2 226.60nan
insteid4 453.214.263
hae31 3,512.354.253
doun8 906.414.213
mind2 226.604.189
recently2 226.604.183
independent2 226.604.183
weel-kent2 226.604.183
cries2 226.604.183
age4 453.214.101
synonyms2 226.60nan
centuries2 226.604.090
walcome2 226.604.090
gotten4 453.214.061
question4 453.214.022
easier2 226.604.000
disteinction2 226.60nan
unless2 226.604.000
kent2 226.603.949
shared2 226.603.828
whit28 3,172.453.810
in161 18,241.563.796
social4 453.213.796
awa5 566.513.786
step3 339.903.785
with5 566.513.762
less5 566.513.762
curriculum2 226.603.746
projeck2 226.603.746
daes3 339.903.736
round2 226.603.589
uise4 453.213.514
success2 226.603.514
tom2 226.603.514
borders2 226.603.514
hamelt2 226.603.514
been24 2,719.243.465
maybes2 226.603.440
there32 3,625.653.420
transmeission2 226.60nan
gin12 1,359.623.450
greek2 226.603.369
problem3 339.903.367
normally'2 226.60nan
noo8 906.413.365
ilk4 453.213.348
from4 453.213.348
subjeck2 226.603.300
states2 226.603.300
cairried2 226.603.300
reason3 339.903.281
wi52 5,891.683.241
twa-three2 226.603.232
han2 226.603.232
dictionar2 226.603.232
archbischop2 226.60nan
popular2 226.603.232
bear2 226.603.232
ages2 226.603.232
biggest2 226.603.232
thon12 1,359.623.203
ah61 6,911.403.200
diglossia2 226.60nan
at's3 339.903.197
century4 453.213.190
term2 226.603.167
grund3 339.903.156
drew2 226.603.102
get6 679.813.090
belt2 226.603.040
throuch2 226.60nan
fadere2 226.60nan
excommunication2 226.60nan
main4 453.214.652
welsh2 226.603.040
gro2 226.60nan
development2 226.603.040
heid4 453.213.016
nae17 1,926.132.992
eneuch6 679.812.992
screivit2 226.602.979
didna2 226.602.926
international2 226.602.919
tell2 226.602.841
stertin2 226.602.805
register2 226.602.805
feyt2 226.60nan
part2 226.602.805
heich3 339.902.774
jalouse2 226.602.749
george2 226.602.749
hantle2 226.602.749
solecisms2 226.60nan
life2 226.602.705
lallans2 226.602.695
de2 226.602.695
maistly3 339.902.669
learnin2 226.602.642
pairt7 793.112.618
socht2 226.602.591
population2 226.602.540
thrang2 226.602.540
anti-latinate2 226.60nan
ettles2 226.602.491
twinty2 226.602.491
bairns8 906.412.450
west2 226.602.442
proper2 226.602.442
hung2 226.602.442
moribund2 226.60nan
attemps2 226.60nan
still3 339.902.380
braid3 339.902.377
wha2 226.602.307
wunner2 226.602.303
easy3 339.902.286
een3 339.902.228
roon2 226.602.218
feck2 226.602.215
gar2 226.602.215
our3 339.902.199
douglas3 339.902.199
warld6 679.812.193
guid14 1,586.222.176
deil2 226.602.173
schuil4 453.212.171
later4 453.212.149
chynged2 226.602.131
situation2 226.602.131
lives2 226.602.090
kenspeckle2 226.602.090
shops2 226.602.050
stane3 339.902.007
and69 7,817.811.981
made10 1,133.021.908
wide2 226.601.861
schuils2 226.601.861
ower14 1,586.221.837
bein3 339.901.832
system2 226.601.826
nocht2 226.601.826
syne3 339.901.816
last2 226.601.794
days2 226.601.766
speirt3 339.901.712
report3 339.901.712
wast2 226.601.690
tither2 226.601.658
campaign2 226.601.658
soond3 339.901.644
welsh's2 226.60nan
fack2 226.601.626
interviewin2 226.60nan
micht10 1,133.021.604
hings2 226.601.595
intonation2 226.60nan
burns3 339.901.601
gled2 226.601.595
better2 226.601.547
bring3 339.901.537
worth2 226.601.534
important3 339.901.516
case3 339.901.516
ulster2 226.601.504
real3 339.901.455
places2 226.601.419
ettle2 226.601.419
did4 453.211.415
ither14 1,586.221.382
gey7 793.111.346
view2 226.601.338
sindry2 226.601.338
fin9 1,019.711.326
letter2 226.601.312
scotland6 679.811.296
future2 226.601.286
may2 226.601.261
pitten2 226.601.261
wirdin2 226.60nan
biggit2 226.601.236
ony10 1,133.021.233
till2 226.601.210
first5 566.511.198
able3 339.901.196
again10 1,133.021.181
gaun8 906.411.179
lord2 226.601.164
general2 226.601.164
duin3 339.901.129
neist4 453.211.123
throu2 226.601.112
edicational2 226.60nan
happen2 226.601.096
gaed3 339.901.077
english4 453.211.069
least3 339.901.065
public3 339.901.049
brocht4 453.211.033
ayont2 226.601.031
need6 679.811.017
eidioms2 226.60nan
thing3 339.900.953
sense3 339.900.945
sicht3 339.900.945
because3 339.900.931
culture3 339.900.903
wark5 566.510.899
media2 226.600.893
best2 226.600.878
abuin3 339.900.862
gets2 226.600.838
aa21 2,379.330.822
proveision2 226.60nan
haud4 453.210.816
room2 226.600.804
ablow2 226.600.803
biggin2 226.600.803
an214 24,246.540.798
thaim11 1,246.320.784
years2 226.600.782
taen5 566.510.780
place3 339.900.771
metaphorical2 226.60nan
see11 1,246.320.752
onythin2 226.600.736
ootside3 339.900.724
agin3 339.900.712
hoo4 453.210.668
likely2 226.600.659
bade2 226.600.659
archaisin2 226.60nan
thochts2 226.600.644
sae11 1,246.320.631
gang2 226.600.615
dae8 906.410.604
mak5 566.510.603
mynd2 226.600.602
stop2 226.600.602
heard2 226.600.595
we40 4,532.060.535
baith7 793.110.535
only6 679.810.534
body4 453.210.532
end2 226.600.506
or33 3,738.950.502
face3 339.900.478
ilka2 226.600.475
canna4 453.210.471
heids2 226.600.463
cultural2 226.600.463
kirk3 339.900.442
e6 679.810.441
things3 339.900.437
men2 226.600.434
re4 453.210.431
suin2 226.600.429
though4 453.210.414
ae17 1,926.130.398
no20 2,266.030.379
latinity2 226.60nan
means2 226.600.377
than11 1,246.320.374
hauf3 339.900.370
siller3 339.900.362
wull2 226.600.344
write2 226.600.339
pittin2 226.600.330
ay15 1,699.520.330
comes2 226.600.312
these2 226.600.302
to9 1,019.710.291
dinna3 339.900.288
alang3 339.900.288
daein3 339.900.280
kens2 226.600.278
ontae2 226.600.270
disna2 226.600.254
gae2 226.600.246
while3 339.900.243
john2 226.600.234
kloss's2 226.60nan
isnae2 226.600.239
conteenas2 226.60nan
joodgement2 226.60nan
takkin2 226.600.232
state2 226.600.232
year6 679.810.208
gied3 339.900.208
they37 4,192.160.204
disnae2 226.600.204
weel9 1,019.710.195
really2 226.600.181
words3 339.900.156
anither5 566.510.147
stertit2 226.600.138
any2 226.600.138
efter11 1,246.320.136
which3 339.900.133
tent2 226.600.133
seemed2 226.600.123
wheen3 339.900.115
gien4 453.210.110
mean2 226.600.109
hale4 453.210.104
group2 226.600.100
tak8 906.410.096
northart2 226.60nan
one2 226.600.095
past2 226.600.093
pit7 793.110.080
languages2 226.600.079
feet2 226.600.075
near3 339.900.073
maks2 226.600.072
twa11 1,246.320.070
sent2 226.600.068
gies2 226.600.065
anent2 226.600.056
some13 1,472.920.055
itsel2 226.600.052
pre-emptive2 226.60nan
name4 453.210.051
out2 226.600.049
kin3 339.900.048
intae14 1,586.220.044
conversely2 226.60nan
will8 906.410.045
language8 906.410.038
dinnae3 339.900.033
tried2 226.600.033
national2 226.600.033
sayed6 679.810.032
gie7 793.110.030
aince2 226.600.021
new7 793.110.019
non-leiterary2 226.60nan
street2 226.600.020
never3 339.900.019
through4 453.210.018
cud4 453.210.016
cannae3 339.900.012
black2 226.600.011
turn2 226.600.011
naebody2 226.600.009
thae4 453.210.009
didnae4 453.210.008
set4 453.210.005
en3 339.900.005
descreivit2 226.60nan
tho4 453.210.005
hame7 793.110.004
play2 226.600.003
thegither3 339.900.002
on55 6,231.590.002
fower2 226.600.002
keep4 453.210.001
lang9 1,019.710.000
had12 1,359.620.000
disteinctive2 226.60nan