A Corpus of 21st Century Scots Texts

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Levenshtein Distance

Enter a word to find nearest neighbouring words, for example sonsie

- basic concord - pre-sorted concord - post-sorted concord - map and chronology - chronogrid - fine-grain concord -

Similar words to refined in Corpus

Levenshtein Double Levenshtein SoundEx MetaPhone Manually curated
refined (0) - 7 freq
refinet (1) - 1 freq
reined (1) - 2 freq
refine (1) - 4 freq
defined (1) - 21 freq
reeined (1) - 1 freq
revised (2) - 2 freq
rained (2) - 13 freq
ruined (2) - 24 freq
devined (2) - 1 freq
refaised (2) - 1 freq
reised (2) - 1 freq
resigned (2) - 14 freq
reinged (2) - 5 freq
resiled (2) - 2 freq
reinen (2) - 1 freq
reine' (2) - 1 freq
retained (2) - 2 freq
refuted (2) - 1 freq
reviled (2) - 2 freq
defiled (2) - 1 freq
veined (2) - 2 freq
relied (2) - 4 freq
revived (2) - 6 freq
rewind (2) - 3 freq
refined (0) - 7 freq
reeined (2) - 1 freq
refund (2) - 2 freq
defined (2) - 21 freq
refine (2) - 4 freq
refinet (2) - 1 freq
reined (2) - 2 freq
fined (3) - 12 freq
refunded (3) - 1 freq
refrained (3) - 1 freq
remind (3) - 39 freq
refused (3) - 40 freq
reigned (3) - 3 freq
reponed (3) - 60 freq
rejoined (3) - 1 freq
remaned (3) - 1 freq
refuised (3) - 1 freq
refinery (3) - 1 freq
refinin (3) - 2 freq
remained (3) - 17 freq
rewind (3) - 3 freq
refuted (3) - 1 freq
refaised (3) - 1 freq
ruined (3) - 24 freq
retained (3) - 2 freq
SoundEx code - R153
repentance - 3 freq
rabindrath - 1 freq
reponed - 60 freq
repent - 17 freq
ribbands - 1 freq
ribboned - 1 freq
reponit - 8 freq
rebounds - 1 freq
repentant - 3 freq
'ripened' - 1 freq
'repent - 2 freq
refund - 2 freq
repentit - 6 freq
repents - 2 freq
ripened - 2 freq
repint - 3 freq
repinted - 2 freq
repints - 3 freq
repint' - 1 freq
repintit - 1 freq
repintance - 1 freq
repented - 1 freq
rivvined - 1 freq
repentin - 1 freq
refoondin - 1 freq
refined - 7 freq
ribbond - 1 freq
re-pointin - 1 freq
refound - 1 freq
rivened - 1 freq
riband - 1 freq
rabindranath - 1 freq
reappointit - 1 freq
repond - 1 freq
re-opened - 1 freq
refinet - 1 freq
re-foondin - 1 freq
ropmytg - 1 freq
refunded - 1 freq
rvmtlyaopb - 1 freq
rebound - 1 freq
MetaPhone code - RFNT
refund - 2 freq
rivvined - 1 freq
refined - 7 freq
refound - 1 freq
rivened - 1 freq
refinet - 1 freq
REFINED
Time to execute Levenshtein function - 0.200621 milliseconds
The Levenshtein distance is the number of characters you have to replace, insert or delete to transform one word into another, its useful for detecting typos and alternative spellings
Time to execute Double Levenshtein function - 0.363440 milliseconds
In a stroke of genius, this runs the Levenshtein function twice, once without vowels and adds the distance together, giving double weight to consonants.
Time to execute SoundEx function - 0.027265 milliseconds
Soundex is a phonetic algorithm for indexing names by sound, as pronounced in English. The goal is for homophones to be encoded to the same representation so that they can be matched despite minor differences in spelling.
Time to execute MetaPhone function - 0.037532 milliseconds
Metaphone is a phonetic algorithm, published by Lawrence Philips in 1990, for indexing words by their English pronunciation.[1] It fundamentally improves on the Soundex algorithm by using information about variations and inconsistencies in English spelling and pronunciation to produce a more accurate encoding, which does a better job of matching words and names which sound similar.
Time to execute Manually curated function - 0.000822 milliseconds
Manual Curation uses a lookup table / lexicon which has been created by hand which links words to their lemmas, and includes obvious typos and spelling variations. Not all words are covered.