A Corpus of 21st Century Scots Texts

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Levenshtein Distance

Enter a word to find nearest neighbouring words, for example ablow

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Similar words to caul in Corpus

Levenshtein Double Levenshtein SoundEx MetaPhone Manually curated
caul (0) - 77 freq
saul (1) - 60 freq
caal (1) - 99 freq
call (1) - 216 freq
caun (1) - 5 freq
caulf (1) - 2 freq
'aul (1) - 2 freq
haul (1) - 47 freq
cauld (1) - 842 freq
carl (1) - 13 freq
cauf (1) - 10 freq
waul (1) - 1 freq
caup (1) - 11 freq
coul (1) - 56 freq
aul (1) - 395 freq
baul (1) - 2 freq
caud (1) - 7 freq
cauls (1) - 1 freq
caur (1) - 125 freq
caus (1) - 8 freq
paul (1) - 149 freq
cau (1) - 2 freq
taul (1) - 11 freq
cauk (1) - 5 freq
caum (1) - 36 freq
caul (0) - 77 freq
coul (1) - 56 freq
cal (1) - 29 freq
caal (1) - 99 freq
faul (2) - 1 freq
cool (2) - 132 freq
ecoul (2) - 1 freq
caul' (2) - 5 freq
cauk (2) - 5 freq
caum (2) - 36 freq
cali (2) - 3 freq
caulm (2) - 5 freq
cl (2) - 5 freq
cuil (2) - 9 freq
cala (2) - 1 freq
clue (2) - 85 freq
cule (2) - 1 freq
coil (2) - 1 freq
taul (2) - 11 freq
col (2) - 11 freq
cel (2) - 1 freq
ceol (2) - 1 freq
coal (2) - 132 freq
carl (2) - 13 freq
baul (2) - 2 freq
SoundEx code - C400
cool - 132 freq
cal - 29 freq
chiel - 451 freq
caal - 99 freq
coal - 132 freq
cloy - 1 freq
clue - 85 freq
caul - 77 freq
coyle - 53 freq
cheil - 85 freq
cell - 34 freq
call - 216 freq
coolie - 3 freq
chill - 45 freq
'chill - 2 freq
collie - 27 freq
cola - 10 freq
cuil - 9 freq
chilly - 12 freq
claw - 27 freq
cley - 23 freq
cheel - 11 freq
chile - 15 freq
coll - 7 freq
claa - 14 freq
coul - 56 freq
cowl - 8 freq
cello - 2 freq
clay - 21 freq
cloo - 1 freq
coil - 1 freq
clew - 3 freq
clie - 2 freq
coolly - 2 freq
'cal' - 1 freq
caall - 2 freq
coli - 1 freq
cele - 1 freq
cel - 1 freq
clye - 2 freq
chailie - 1 freq
coul' - 2 freq
coelho - 1 freq
'cool - 1 freq
chilli - 12 freq
cöl - 2 freq
col - 11 freq
coallie - 4 freq
cl - 5 freq
cclew - 7 freq
calle - 2 freq
chello - 1 freq
clowe - 2 freq
chloe - 10 freq
ceol - 1 freq
celia - 2 freq
cheoil - 1 freq
cule - 1 freq
colly - 1 freq
claie - 1 freq
coull - 27 freq
cleyey - 1 freq
cöllie - 1 freq
cweel - 3 freq
cull - 7 freq
chowl - 1 freq
clio - 1 freq
caul' - 5 freq
€˜coyle - 3 freq
caley - 4 freq
€œcall - 2 freq
€˜cool - 2 freq
€˜cooool - 1 freq
coalie - 1 freq
cowley - 1 freq
cooly - 1 freq
caaaal - 1 freq
cole - 1 freq
cala - 1 freq
caulÂ’ - 1 freq
‘cool’ - 1 freq
chielie - 1 freq
cali - 3 freq
cgl - 2 freq
cxlw - 1 freq
cla - 1 freq
cklly - 1 freq
clo - 1 freq
coley - 1 freq
calloo - 2 freq
cyuliea - 1 freq
cxihl - 1 freq
'call' - 1 freq
callie - 1 freq
MetaPhone code - KL
cool - 132 freq
cal - 29 freq
glow - 47 freq
gale - 64 freq
glue - 20 freq
caal - 99 freq
coal - 132 freq
cloy - 1 freq
clue - 85 freq
gowl - 6 freq
kuil - 1 freq
caul - 77 freq
coyle - 53 freq
gala - 15 freq
kill - 215 freq
keelie - 7 freq
quelle - 1 freq
call - 216 freq
glee - 30 freq
keel - 12 freq
coolie - 3 freq
quile - 1 freq
kail - 42 freq
quill - 15 freq
collie - 27 freq
cola - 10 freq
gullie - 9 freq
cuil - 9 freq
quell - 5 freq
gaol - 4 freq
claw - 27 freq
goal - 89 freq
cley - 23 freq
gull - 7 freq
kool - 1 freq
gluh - 1 freq
coll - 7 freq
killie - 26 freq
kale - 26 freq
claa - 14 freq
kyle - 79 freq
gully - 16 freq
gall - 4 freq
coul - 56 freq
cowl - 8 freq
goul - 3 freq
clay - 21 freq
kille - 1 freq
gowlie - 2 freq
keil - 3 freq
cloo - 1 freq
coil - 1 freq
clew - 3 freq
clie - 2 freq
quail - 5 freq
gal - 4 freq
coolly - 2 freq
'kill - 1 freq
guile - 4 freq
'cal' - 1 freq
caall - 2 freq
coli - 1 freq
gail - 3 freq
kelly - 144 freq
keily - 1 freq
goalie - 11 freq
kilo - 1 freq
kïll - 13 freq
coul' - 2 freq
gol' - 1 freq
galley - 4 freq
'cool - 1 freq
goal' - 1 freq
'kail - 2 freq
killy - 9 freq
cöl - 2 freq
gly - 1 freq
col - 11 freq
gael - 2 freq
gl - 2 freq
'kylie' - 1 freq
coallie - 4 freq
cl - 5 freq
calle - 2 freq
kael - 5 freq
kill- - 3 freq
quyhle - 1 freq
cule - 1 freq
kell - 1 freq
kiyl - 2 freq
gool - 1 freq
glaw - 2 freq
golly - 4 freq
kloo - 1 freq
colly - 1 freq
gloy - 1 freq
claie - 1 freq
gallae - 1 freq
galla - 2 freq
coull - 27 freq
kühl - 1 freq
gla - 1 freq
cöllie - 1 freq
galle - 1 freq
go-o-o-o-o-al - 1 freq
go-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-al - 1 freq
kül - 1 freq
kellie - 1 freq
keele - 1 freq
cull - 7 freq
kuala - 2 freq
kele - 1 freq
glie - 1 freq
gle - 4 freq
€œqually - 1 freq
glee- - 1 freq
goolie - 1 freq
clio - 1 freq
caul' - 5 freq
€˜coyle - 3 freq
caley - 4 freq
€œcall - 2 freq
€˜cool - 2 freq
€˜cooool - 1 freq
coalie - 1 freq
koala - 2 freq
cowley - 1 freq
kull - 3 freq
kali - 1 freq
kula - 1 freq
cooly - 1 freq
caaaal - 1 freq
glu - 1 freq
qlw - 1 freq
cole - 1 freq
cala - 1 freq
ycl - 1 freq
‘glow’ - 1 freq
caulÂ’ - 1 freq
kl - 4 freq
qual - 2 freq
‘goal’ - 1 freq
‘cool’ - 1 freq
gaal - 1 freq
kyl - 1 freq
cali - 3 freq
cla - 1 freq
qually - 1 freq
cklly - 1 freq
clo - 1 freq
coley - 1 freq
khloe - 1 freq
kylie - 1 freq
calloo - 2 freq
ykal - 1 freq
'call' - 1 freq
callie - 1 freq
kwlu - 1 freq
gul - 1 freq
glé - 1 freq
kleo - 1 freq
CAUL
Time to execute Levenshtein function - 0.191243 milliseconds
The Levenshtein distance is the number of characters you have to replace, insert or delete to transform one word into another, its useful for detecting typos and alternative spellings
Time to execute Double Levenshtein function - 0.525645 milliseconds
In a stroke of genius, this runs the Levenshtein function twice, once without vowels and adds the distance together, giving double weight to consonants.
Time to execute SoundEx function - 0.061948 milliseconds
Soundex is a phonetic algorithm for indexing names by sound, as pronounced in English. The goal is for homophones to be encoded to the same representation so that they can be matched despite minor differences in spelling.
Time to execute MetaPhone function - 0.037406 milliseconds
Metaphone is a phonetic algorithm, published by Lawrence Philips in 1990, for indexing words by their English pronunciation.[1] It fundamentally improves on the Soundex algorithm by using information about variations and inconsistencies in English spelling and pronunciation to produce a more accurate encoding, which does a better job of matching words and names which sound similar.
Time to execute Manually curated function - 0.000789 milliseconds
Manual Curation uses a lookup table / lexicon which has been created by hand which links words to their lemmas, and includes obvious typos and spelling variations. Not all words are covered.