A Corpus of 21st Century Scots Texts

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Macafee, Caroline

Basic Stats

Total words by this author in corpus - 8,826
Total unique words used by this author in corpus - 2,536
Ratio of total words to unique words - 3.48
Tagged as LAL (General Central) dialect.
Top ten most common words - the, o, tae, an, a, in, at, scots, be, is,

List of texts in corpus

Lallans 63 - Auld plain Scottis
Lallans Magazine (2003-12) in Central dialect (LAL), categorised as prose (3,378 words)

Lallans 61 - Glesca dialeck i the modren warld
Lallans Magazine (2002-09-01 ) in Central dialect (LAL), categorised as prose (2,414 words)
Lallans 57 - Lea the leid alane
Lallans Magazine (2000-09-01 ) in Central dialect (LAL), categorised as prose (3,034 words)

Author word Keyness frequencies

This should list the words that the author uses in a disproportionate manner more often than other writers in the corpus. This may include (a) proper nouns (character names in the author's stories), (b) other words related to the specific subject matter and (c) words specific to the regional dialect.
WordCount Normalised
per million		 Keyness
inglis56 6,344.89337.663
thare47 5,325.18212.523
was80 9,064.13212.065
laitin17 1,926.13149.646
staundart20 2,266.03147.032
scots116 13,142.99139.430
sanct17 1,926.13136.098
latinate16 1,812.83129.876
dialecks19 2,152.73118.560
curse17 1,926.13111.687
he7 793.11107.321
at143 16,202.1391.686
s7 793.1185.752
gleswegian10 1,133.0284.741
o314 35,576.7180.469
dialeck14 1,586.2275.049
vocabular13 1,472.9272.699
be112 12,689.7872.147
staunart13 1,472.9269.963
vernacular11 1,246.3269.902
research14 1,586.2265.947
spellin17 1,926.1365.938
her4 453.2164.009
style13 1,472.9263.715
tradeitional9 1,019.7162.595
haly9 1,019.7158.628
leid33 3,738.9557.688
coinage6 679.8151.585
scotlan10 1,133.0250.491
has24 2,719.2447.907
frae52 5,891.6846.596
wirds22 2,492.6445.606
the667 75,572.1743.720
slang9 1,019.7142.422
screivers7 793.1142.057
macafee6 679.8140.776
of40 4,532.0640.125
his14 1,586.2237.349
is105 11,896.6736.862
aften13 1,472.9235.739
prose7 793.1135.727
but6 679.8135.677
shift9 1,019.7134.634
period8 906.4134.550
sud9 1,019.7134.356
reform6 679.8133.831
pint8 906.4133.494
tendency4 453.2133.218
borraein4 453.2133.218
aulder11 1,246.3232.869
langage13 1,472.9232.352
contrar4 453.2130.601
gleswegians4 453.2130.601
strathclyde4 453.2130.601
symbolic4 453.2130.601
plain8 906.4130.174
fameiliar4 453.2128.696
spreid7 793.1127.978
ma10 1,133.0227.936
terms8 906.4127.487
cognitive4 453.2127.183
are32 3,625.6526.191
glesga6 679.8125.377
french9 1,019.7125.223
proportion4 453.2124.847
hainin4 453.2124.847
stage7 793.1124.765
spickers15 1,699.52nan
glesca9 1,019.7124.337
process7 793.1124.303
monolithic3 339.9024.172
condeitions3 339.9024.172
practick3 339.9024.172
deifficult3 339.9024.172
staundardised3 339.9024.172
schuiled3 339.9024.172
anes9 1,019.7124.054
thame5 566.5123.977
modren9 1,019.7123.914
raither9 1,019.7123.914
oreiginal4 453.2123.904
linguistic9 1,019.7123.639
that46 5,211.8723.566
a185 20,960.8023.500
instance6 679.8123.182
dominant4 453.2123.065
processes4 453.2123.065
speech7 793.1122.811
reader5 566.5122.656
central6 679.8122.629
percentage3 339.9021.958
staundardisation3 339.9021.958
terminology3 339.9021.958
involuntary3 339.9021.958
effeck5 566.5121.871
whither7 793.1121.849
as92 10,423.7521.839
they're8 906.4121.632
marra4 453.2121.623
recommendations4 453.2121.623
day2 226.6021.479
al6 679.8121.362
bit48 5,438.4821.250
necessar6 679.8121.126
haurdly5 566.5120.806
mellin5 566.5120.806
wird11 1,246.3220.593
urban5 566.5120.477
flowe3 339.9020.387
blaud3 339.9020.387
weel's3 339.9020.387
houanever3 339.9020.387
siccan4 453.2119.875
spick6 679.8119.813
staunardisation8 906.41nan
acause9 1,019.7121.376
englan10 1,133.02nan
generation6 679.8121.851
you2 226.6019.526
acteivities3 339.9019.161
reivers3 339.9019.161
analogy3 339.9019.161
dimension3 339.9019.161
ane24 2,719.2419.055
loss6 679.8119.022
e'en6 679.8119.022
their35 3,965.5618.942
survey4 453.2118.903
activists4 453.2118.903
pints4 453.2118.460
's4 453.2118.460
uised8 906.4118.263
it's21 2,379.3318.232
offeicial3 339.9018.154
kyne3 339.9018.154
opposed3 339.9018.154
tradeition3 339.9018.154
minority8 906.4117.730
d2 226.6017.607
interestin5 566.5117.489
resident3 339.9017.298
landwart3 339.9017.298
apostrophes3 339.9017.298
leids12 1,359.6217.082
oot15 1,699.5217.061
scottish17 1,926.1316.902
ther5 566.5116.824
muckler3 339.9016.555
mentiont3 339.9016.555
weil4 453.2116.253
mass4 453.2115.943
theirsels6 679.8115.803
macdiarmid4 453.2115.645
nor18 2,039.4315.615
me10 1,133.0215.468
kintras4 453.2115.360
vera3 339.9015.310
athout3 339.9015.310
spreidin3 339.9015.310
identifyin2 226.6015.300
creitics2 226.6015.300
tradeitions2 226.6015.300
macdiarmid's2 226.6015.300
constructs2 226.6015.300
attributes2 226.6015.300
cunyies7 793.11nan
retrospeck2 226.6015.300
interviewees2 226.6015.300
sociolinguistic2 226.6015.300
milroy2 226.6015.300
anglicisation2 226.6015.300
rejeckit2 226.6015.300
creiticism2 226.6015.300
inkhorn2 226.6015.300
facto2 226.6015.300
metaphor2 226.6015.300
cursing2 226.6015.300
fishman7 793.11nan
domesticatit2 226.6015.300
fieldwark2 226.6015.300
sharon2 226.6015.300
rejection2 226.6015.300
innovation2 226.6015.300
doon5 566.5114.713
camp4 453.2114.566
forbye7 793.1114.425
providit3 339.9014.292
sample3 339.9014.292
for79 8,950.8314.210
seems8 906.4114.020
aareadies4 453.2113.854
items3 339.9013.845
wee5 566.5113.743
childcare2 226.6013.591
continental2 226.6013.591
hoards2 226.6013.591
grampian2 226.6013.591
recogneition2 226.6013.591
passive2 226.6013.591
sharon's2 226.6013.591
arguably2 226.6013.591
fra2 226.6013.591
middle8 906.4113.507
it69 7,817.8113.243
especially5 566.5112.833
functions3 339.9012.688
heicher3 339.9012.688
sic14 1,586.2212.659
mony14 1,586.2212.588
issue4 453.2112.432
affeck2 226.6012.423
confirmt2 226.6012.423
intelligibeility5 566.51nan
translatin2 226.6012.423
advancement2 226.6012.423
conseider2 226.6012.423
replacement2 226.6012.423
lawlans2 226.6012.423
elaborate2 226.6012.423
professionals2 226.6012.423
socially2 226.6012.423
buid2 226.6012.423
genres2 226.6012.423
cent3 339.9012.351
aff2 226.6012.213
mair35 3,965.5612.196
attitudes3 339.9012.033
atween13 1,472.9212.015
maitter6 679.8111.946
ken2 226.6011.542
tradin2 226.6011.532
vices2 226.6011.532
worlds2 226.6011.532
synthetic2 226.6011.532
prentit4 453.2111.414
pynts4 453.2111.259
glaswegian'5 566.51nan
like9 1,019.7111.216
whiles8 906.4110.824
writers4 453.2110.815
dictionary4 453.2110.815
ootwith2 226.6010.811
owersetters2 226.6010.811
prejudice2 226.6010.811
eimage2 226.6010.811
liker2 226.6010.811
losses2 226.6010.811
interviewed2 226.6010.811
continuum2 226.6010.811
glottal2 226.6010.811
elaboration4 453.21nan
fowk27 3,059.1410.784
efforts3 339.9010.680
screivin3 339.9010.680
spellins4 453.2110.673
haes20 2,266.0310.584
can27 3,059.1410.560
amang8 906.4110.398
likes7 793.1110.301
afore2 226.6010.270
etc4 453.2110.266
ruit2 226.6010.207
murdoch2 226.6010.207
by-ordinar2 226.6010.207
geographical2 226.6010.207
identify2 226.6010.207
lik12 1,359.6210.082
local7 793.1110.064
knawledge3 339.9010.009
chyce3 339.9010.009
scale3 339.9010.009
ettlin5 566.519.925
per3 339.909.804
aless2 226.609.686
lawland2 226.609.686
necessarily2 226.609.686
authors2 226.609.686
walth2 226.609.686
stages2 226.609.686
distinctive2 226.609.686
contack3 339.909.606
all8 906.419.602
chynge5 566.519.578
ah'm6 679.819.561
whan21 2,379.339.367
money6 679.819.364
academic3 339.909.233
sancte4 453.21nan
whose2 226.609.230
quotation2 226.609.230
influences2 226.609.230
discovert2 226.609.230
lexical2 226.609.230
owercome2 226.609.230
variation2 226.609.230
contexts2 226.609.230
clause2 226.609.230
i75 8,497.629.179
here2 226.609.141
juist17 1,926.138.984
text4 453.218.969
whaur15 1,699.528.951
back7 793.118.951
fun6 679.818.925
ordinar3 339.908.885
chynges3 339.908.885
correckness4 453.21nan
findin3 339.908.885
community6 679.818.864
replace2 226.608.824
ironic2 226.608.824
aw9 1,019.718.805
area4 453.218.760
scottis3 339.908.720
status4 453.218.659
areas4 453.218.659
wey18 2,039.438.538
includin4 453.218.460
wersh2 226.608.458
revival2 226.608.458
trace2 226.608.458
decline2 226.608.458
nursery2 226.608.458
gavin2 226.608.458
ideal2 226.608.458
context3 339.908.406
value3 339.908.406
different8 906.418.282
weans5 566.518.204
solution2 226.608.126
developments2 226.608.126
regions2 226.608.126
whaurever2 226.608.126
warsle2 226.608.126
acceptance2 226.608.126
certes2 226.608.126
laich3 339.908.111
grammar4 453.218.084
influence3 339.907.970
forms3 339.907.970
single4 453.217.904
poetic2 226.607.822
cairries2 226.607.822
schemes2 226.607.822
figures2 226.607.822
freely2 226.607.822
ain19 2,152.737.804
under5 566.517.803
spickin3 339.907.700
lave5 566.517.675
programmes2 226.607.542
comatee4 453.217.398
union4 453.217.398
ootower2 226.607.283
label2 226.607.283
wints2 226.607.283
norther3 339.90nan
follaein4 453.217.239
x2 226.607.041
speceifically3 339.90nan
ceity2 226.607.283
auctorite3 339.90nan
by5 566.517.329
were3 339.907.006
mercat3 339.906.972
weys5 566.516.958
its20 2,266.036.919
traditional'3 339.90nan
daith4 453.217.084
varieties2 226.606.815
grantit2 226.606.815
offers2 226.606.815
auld-farrant2 226.606.815
hevin2 226.606.815
everyday2 226.606.815
offered2 226.606.815
wad19 2,152.736.809
thir10 1,133.026.729
got2 226.606.618
evidently2 226.606.603
council2 226.606.603
houssis3 339.90nan
seem5 566.516.683
bairns'2 226.606.603
nelde3 339.90nan
thirlt2 226.606.603
creative3 339.906.444
growein2 226.606.404
model2 226.606.404
introduced2 226.606.404
richt4 453.216.329
deiferent5 566.51nan
within3 339.906.544
begoud3 339.906.249
simply3 339.906.249
features2 226.606.215
registers2 226.606.215
aucht2 226.606.215
gudis3 339.90nan
exists2 226.606.215
coorse8 906.416.202
us4 453.216.176
allan3 339.906.155
rhythm2 226.606.037
suggest2 226.606.037
includes2 226.606.037
element2 226.606.037
oor5 566.516.034
hoose2 226.605.985
nation3 339.905.972
maist14 1,586.225.968
about6 679.815.914
sangs3 339.905.884
hugh2 226.605.868
region2 226.605.868
say2 226.605.822
my2 226.605.785
differ3 339.905.712
environment2 226.605.707
dictionars2 226.605.707
housin3 339.90nan
acceptit2 226.605.707
et4 453.215.692
expeck2 226.605.553
regional3 339.905.548
oorsels3 339.905.548
parteicularly3 339.90nan
quote2 226.605.553
late5 566.515.522
deleiberate3 339.90nan
athin4 453.215.521
cless3 339.905.468
sometimes'3 339.90nan
goals2 226.605.407
relationship2 226.605.407
reenge2 226.605.407
athort3 339.905.390
could2 226.605.352
muckle15 1,699.525.325
onywey3 339.905.313
isna5 566.515.309
without2 226.605.267
hinneren2 226.605.267
spak4 453.215.250
aiblins4 453.215.198
possible3 339.905.164
p3 339.905.164
it'll2 226.605.133
child2 226.605.133
european4 453.215.095
questions3 339.905.091
tae221 25,039.665.055
lothian2 226.605.004
if6 679.814.968
three10 1,133.024.959
auld5 566.514.915
uisin3 339.904.881
sin7 793.114.801
practical2 226.604.762
affcome2 226.604.762
pynt4 453.214.753
this47 5,325.184.698
leiteracy3 339.90nan
aboot16 1,812.834.748
think2 226.604.685
writin5 566.514.683
edication3 339.90nan
wadna4 453.214.659
main4 453.214.659
screive2 226.604.648
clesses2 226.604.648
formal2 226.604.648
census3 339.904.617
hainit3 339.90nan
up22 2,492.644.825
border3 339.904.617
society3 339.904.617
time8 906.414.572
parteicular3 339.90nan
favour2 226.604.538
daesna2 226.604.538
makars2 226.604.538
wasnae2 226.604.538
hae31 3,512.354.480
war2 226.604.459
economic2 226.604.431
ferlie2 226.604.431
whilk3 339.904.431
aither3 339.904.431
t2 226.604.400
wint5 566.514.364
strang4 453.214.349
trade2 226.604.329
fundin2 226.604.329
independent2 226.604.329
them7 793.114.289
excommunication2 226.60nan
same10 1,133.024.277
indications2 226.60nan
historical2 226.604.230
awaur2 226.604.230
mind2 226.604.224
insteid4 453.214.222
cried6 679.814.206
uiss3 339.904.197
age4 453.214.140
recently2 226.604.134
synonyms2 226.60nan
weel-kent2 226.604.134
cries2 226.604.134
doun8 906.414.084
walcome2 226.604.041
disteinction2 226.60nan
unless2 226.604.041
centuries2 226.604.041
kent2 226.604.026
gotten4 453.213.981
easier2 226.603.952
question4 453.213.942
daes3 339.903.821
awa5 566.513.815
less5 566.513.788
shared2 226.603.780
step3 339.903.771
social4 453.213.717
with5 566.513.700
throuch2 226.60nan
in161 18,241.563.836
curriculum2 226.603.698
projeck2 226.603.698
whit28 3,172.453.638
round2 226.603.619
han2 226.603.542
thon12 1,359.623.500
success2 226.603.467
tom2 226.603.467
transmeission2 226.60nan
borders2 226.603.467
there32 3,625.653.442
uise4 453.213.437
maybes2 226.603.394
from4 453.213.370
gin12 1,359.623.364
greek2 226.603.323
normally'2 226.60nan
hamelt2 226.603.467
bear2 226.603.323
cairried2 226.603.323
wi52 5,891.683.321
been24 2,719.243.320
archbischop2 226.60nan
ilk4 453.213.305
problem3 339.903.304
states2 226.603.254
popular2 226.603.254
subjeck2 226.603.254
reason3 339.903.219
noo8 906.413.205
ages2 226.603.186
twa-three2 226.603.186
biggest2 226.603.186
dictionar2 226.603.186
at's3 339.903.136
term2 226.603.121
get6 679.813.118
century4 453.213.115
diglossia2 226.60nan
grund3 339.903.177
drew2 226.603.057
fadere2 226.60nan
eneuch6 679.813.041
didna2 226.603.027
nae17 1,926.133.014
development2 226.602.995
gro2 226.60nan
welsh2 226.602.995
belt2 226.602.995
heid4 453.212.994
screivit2 226.602.934
international2 226.602.875
ah61 6,911.402.854
tell2 226.602.833
george2 226.602.817
stertin2 226.602.760
part2 226.602.760
feyt2 226.60nan
register2 226.602.760
heich3 339.902.752
maistly3 339.902.752
life2 226.602.706
jalouse2 226.602.705
hantle2 226.602.705
learnin2 226.602.651
lallans2 226.602.651
de2 226.602.651
socht2 226.602.547
thrang2 226.602.547
hung2 226.602.497
population2 226.602.497
west2 226.602.448
anti-latinate2 226.60nan
ettles2 226.602.497
twinty2 226.602.448
wunner2 226.602.400
proper2 226.602.400
bairns8 906.412.346
still3 339.902.336
guid14 1,586.222.296
attemps2 226.60nan
moribund2 226.60nan
braid3 339.902.383
schuil4 453.212.286
een3 339.902.281
easy3 339.902.261
our3 339.902.231
wha2 226.602.221
gar2 226.602.217
feck2 226.602.174
warld6 679.812.173
roon2 226.602.151
douglas3 339.902.145
deil2 226.602.132
later4 453.212.106
chynged2 226.602.090
lives2 226.602.090
situation2 226.602.090
stane3 339.902.089
kenspeckle2 226.602.050
shops2 226.602.010
made10 1,133.021.921
ower14 1,586.221.905
syne3 339.901.869
wide2 226.601.858
schuils2 226.601.858
system2 226.601.822
bein3 339.901.818
and69 7,817.811.813
last2 226.601.801
nocht2 226.601.787
ulster2 226.601.787
days2 226.601.726
speirt3 339.901.662
wast2 226.601.652
gled2 226.601.652
campaign2 226.601.652
tither2 226.601.652
soond3 339.901.596
fack2 226.601.588
case3 339.901.574
micht10 1,133.021.567
hings2 226.601.557
burns3 339.901.552
proveision2 226.60nan
better2 226.601.542
bring3 339.901.531
welsh's2 226.60nan
report3 339.901.685
worth2 226.601.527
important3 339.901.489
places2 226.601.468
did4 453.211.434
ither14 1,586.221.434
real3 339.901.428
scotland6 679.811.391
ettle2 226.601.383
future2 226.601.303
sindry2 226.601.303
view2 226.601.303
fin9 1,019.711.290
may2 226.601.277
letter2 226.601.277
gey7 793.111.271
first5 566.511.263
biggit2 226.601.227
pitten2 226.601.227
general2 226.601.202
ony10 1,133.021.182
able3 339.901.169
till2 226.601.167
again10 1,133.021.153
happen2 226.601.131
english4 453.211.127
wirdin2 226.60nan
gaed3 339.901.140
gaun8 906.411.119
duin3 339.901.103
throu2 226.601.076
neist4 453.211.073
brocht4 453.211.073
edicational2 226.60nan
least3 339.901.023
ayont2 226.601.021
public3 339.901.008
need6 679.810.974
sense3 339.900.934
sicht3 339.900.934
aa21 2,379.330.932
because3 339.900.892
eidioms2 226.60nan
wark5 566.510.885
best2 226.600.879
culture3 339.900.878
media2 226.600.862
biggin2 226.600.862
gets2 226.600.826
abuin3 339.900.824
room2 226.600.819
thing3 339.900.817
thaim11 1,246.320.794
intonation2 226.60nan
pairt7 793.112.585
interviewin2 226.60nan
lord2 226.601.303
haud4 453.210.783
ablow2 226.600.774
years2 226.600.767
see11 1,246.320.757
taen5 566.510.757
hoo4 453.210.752
agin3 339.900.748
metaphorical2 226.60nan
onythin2 226.600.740
place3 339.900.704
ootside3 339.900.700
an214 24,246.540.670
we40 4,532.060.662
thochts2 226.600.647
likely2 226.600.647
bade2 226.600.632
sae11 1,246.320.630
archaisin2 226.60nan
heard2 226.600.620
dae8 906.410.619
gang2 226.600.600
mak5 566.510.598
stop2 226.600.576
mynd2 226.600.576
or33 3,738.950.547
only6 679.810.544
baith7 793.110.530
end2 226.600.528
face3 339.900.513
body4 453.210.511
ilka2 226.600.490
heids2 226.600.451
cultural2 226.600.440
kirk3 339.900.438
canna4 453.210.436
re4 453.210.433
e6 679.810.432
no20 2,266.030.421
men2 226.600.412
suin2 226.600.407
though4 453.210.395
things3 339.900.375
latinity2 226.60nan
means2 226.600.366
hauf3 339.900.358
than11 1,246.320.358
write2 226.600.346
ae17 1,926.130.338
siller3 339.900.336
comes2 226.600.328
pittin2 226.600.328
to9 1,019.710.320
dinna3 339.900.314
ay15 1,699.520.292
kens2 226.600.284
alang3 339.900.284
daein3 339.900.269
gae2 226.600.267
ontae2 226.600.259
john2 226.600.256
conteenas2 226.60nan
isnae2 226.600.251
state2 226.600.244
wull2 226.600.237
disna2 226.600.236
takkin2 226.600.236
these2 226.600.232
while3 339.900.222
gied3 339.900.222
solecisms2 226.60nan
joodgement2 226.60nan
they37 4,192.160.219
kloss's2 226.60nan
year6 679.810.224
disnae2 226.600.208
really2 226.600.188
wheen3 339.900.184
words3 339.900.175
which3 339.900.150
efter11 1,246.320.149
anither5 566.510.145
weel9 1,019.710.142
hale4 453.210.134
any2 226.600.130
tent2 226.600.130
northart2 226.60nan
stertit2 226.600.130
mean2 226.600.124
seemed2 226.600.120
gien4 453.210.105
past2 226.600.094
group2 226.600.092
tak8 906.410.088
one2 226.600.084
pit7 793.110.078
sent2 226.600.072
languages2 226.600.069
anent2 226.600.067
feet2 226.600.067
maks2 226.600.065
twa11 1,246.320.058
kin3 339.900.057
gies2 226.600.055
name4 453.210.055
near3 339.900.053
intae14 1,586.220.052
itsel2 226.600.049
some13 1,472.920.046
sayed6 679.810.044
will8 906.410.037
non-leiterary2 226.60nan
out2 226.600.049
tried2 226.600.036
gie7 793.110.034
national2 226.600.029
language8 906.410.025
through4 453.210.024
dinnae3 339.900.021
pre-emptive2 226.60nan
cud4 453.210.041
conversely2 226.60nan
never3 339.900.026
aince2 226.600.015
street2 226.600.015
new7 793.110.013
didnae4 453.210.013
turn2 226.600.012
black2 226.600.009
naebody2 226.600.007
cannae3 339.900.006
set4 453.210.006
thae4 453.210.005
on55 6,231.590.005
tho4 453.210.004
had12 1,359.620.003
play2 226.600.003
en3 339.900.003
keep4 453.210.002
thegither3 339.900.002
hame7 793.110.002
lang9 1,019.710.000
fower2 226.600.000
descreivit2 226.60nan
disteinctive2 226.60nan