A Corpus of 21st Century Scots Texts

Intro a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z Texts Writers Statistics Top200 Search Compare

Levenshtein Distance

Enter a word to find nearest neighbouring words, for example ablow

- basic concord - pre-sorted concord - post-sorted concord - map and chronology - chronogrid - fine-grain concord -

Similar words to caalm in Corpus

Levenshtein Double Levenshtein SoundEx MetaPhone Manually curated
caalm (0) - 1 freq
calm (1) - 133 freq
caal (1) - 98 freq
caald (1) - 28 freq
caam (1) - 11 freq
caall (1) - 2 freq
caalt (1) - 24 freq
caals (1) - 2 freq
caulm (1) - 5 freq
taal (2) - 7 freq
daal (2) - 9 freq
claim (2) - 80 freq
callum (2) - 81 freq
caaen (2) - 4 freq
realm (2) - 20 freq
cram (2) - 2 freq
saam (2) - 2 freq
caase (2) - 29 freq
psalm (2) - 39 freq
baald (2) - 1 freq
craal (2) - 5 freq
ecaalt (2) - 1 freq
canali (2) - 2 freq
'aal' (2) - 1 freq
aal (2) - 755 freq
caalm (0) - 1 freq
caulm (1) - 5 freq
calm (1) - 133 freq
claim (2) - 80 freq
claem (2) - 2 freq
clam (2) - 10 freq
calum (2) - 12 freq
caals (2) - 2 freq
caald (2) - 28 freq
caal (2) - 98 freq
caam (2) - 11 freq
caall (2) - 2 freq
caalt (2) - 24 freq
cleem (3) - 1 freq
cali (3) - 3 freq
caaler (3) - 1 freq
calle (3) - 2 freq
carolm (3) - 2 freq
caaled (3) - 5 freq
craem (3) - 1 freq
paulm (3) - 2 freq
call (3) - 220 freq
caulf (3) - 2 freq
caul' (3) - 5 freq
caalan (3) - 2 freq
SoundEx code - C450
clean - 356 freq
clim - 33 freq
ceilin - 65 freq
colony - 9 freq
clown - 35 freq
callin - 30 freq
calm - 133 freq
clammy - 4 freq
'calm - 10 freq
chilean - 3 freq
column - 20 freq
callan - 3 freq
clam - 10 freq
chillin - 6 freq
clan - 56 freq
claim - 80 freq
'clean - 2 freq
claen - 7 freq
caulm - 5 freq
clime - 7 freq
cloyin - 3 freq
coolin - 2 freq
callum - 81 freq
collin - 2 freq
cullen - 16 freq
clawin - 10 freq
caalin - 2 freq
cleen - 3 freq
colin - 63 freq
clain - 13 freq
cloon - 8 freq
claain - 3 freq
'claim - 4 freq
clone - 5 freq
calum - 12 freq
cal'in - 1 freq
caalm - 1 freq
claim' - 1 freq
cöllyin - 1 freq
calleen - 1 freq
chuilín - 1 freq
collum - 1 freq
clane - 4 freq
clame - 1 freq
colum - 2 freq
cuillyin - 1 freq
caalan - 2 freq
clem - 4 freq
clene - 3 freq
cleane - 1 freq
ceilan - 1 freq
colon - 1 freq
climm - 5 freq
caallin - 1 freq
coulna - 1 freq
cleem - 1 freq
cweelin - 1 freq
ceylon - 4 freq
culyiein - 2 freq
cloan - 1 freq
€œcalm - 1 freq
colline - 1 freq
€˜clean - 1 freq
€˜coln - 1 freq
coln - 2 freq
€˜colin - 1 freq
€˜calm - 2 freq
cline - 4 freq
claem - 2 freq
cailín - 1 freq
cailean - 1 freq
cluny - 2 freq
cuilin - 1 freq
cln - 1 freq
chaaalynn - 1 freq
celin - 1 freq
MetaPhone code - KLM
clim - 33 freq
climb - 58 freq
glum - 10 freq
calm - 133 freq
clammy - 4 freq
'calm - 10 freq
gloam - 5 freq
clam - 10 freq
claim - 80 freq
columbo - 2 freq
caulm - 5 freq
clime - 7 freq
gloom - 32 freq
callum - 81 freq
gloomy - 6 freq
glaum - 4 freq
glim - 8 freq
glam - 3 freq
qualm - 2 freq
'claim - 4 freq
calum - 12 freq
caalm - 1 freq
gleam - 7 freq
claim' - 1 freq
clomb - 1 freq
'climb - 1 freq
collum - 1 freq
clame - 1 freq
colum - 2 freq
clem - 4 freq
gloum - 1 freq
glaim - 4 freq
golem - 1 freq
gaulum - 1 freq
gaulum' - 2 freq
columba - 2 freq
climm - 5 freq
glame - 1 freq
columbae - 2 freq
clamb - 2 freq
cleem - 1 freq
colombo - 1 freq
€œcalm - 1 freq
gollum - 1 freq
€˜calm - 2 freq
claem - 2 freq
‘gloom’ - 1 freq
colombia - 3 freq
clmbie - 2 freq
CAALM
Time to execute Levenshtein function - 0.503538 milliseconds
The Levenshtein distance is the number of characters you have to replace, insert or delete to transform one word into another, its useful for detecting typos and alternative spellings
Time to execute Double Levenshtein function - 0.784307 milliseconds
In a stroke of genius, this runs the Levenshtein function twice, once without vowels and adds the distance together, giving double weight to consonants.
Time to execute SoundEx function - 0.032812 milliseconds
Soundex is a phonetic algorithm for indexing names by sound, as pronounced in English. The goal is for homophones to be encoded to the same representation so that they can be matched despite minor differences in spelling.
Time to execute MetaPhone function - 0.095884 milliseconds
Metaphone is a phonetic algorithm, published by Lawrence Philips in 1990, for indexing words by their English pronunciation.[1] It fundamentally improves on the Soundex algorithm by using information about variations and inconsistencies in English spelling and pronunciation to produce a more accurate encoding, which does a better job of matching words and names which sound similar.
Time to execute Manually curated function - 0.000892 milliseconds
Manual Curation uses a lookup table / lexicon which has been created by hand which links words to their lemmas, and includes obvious typos and spelling variations. Not all words are covered.