A Corpus of 21st Century Scots Texts

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Levenshtein Distance

Enter a word to find nearest neighbouring words, for example ahint

- basic concord - pre-sorted concord - post-sorted concord - map and chronology - chronogrid - fine-grain concord -

Similar words to punished in Corpus

Levenshtein Double Levenshtein SoundEx MetaPhone Manually curated
punished (0) - 12 freq
punisht (2) - 2 freq
finished (2) - 129 freq
pushed (2) - 92 freq
pusshed (2) - 1 freq
unpunished (2) - 1 freq
punched (2) - 20 freq
burnished (2) - 4 freq
parished (2) - 1 freq
furnished (2) - 2 freq
perished (2) - 8 freq
punishin (2) - 3 freq
punish (2) - 4 freq
punishers (2) - 1 freq
plenished (2) - 1 freq
vanished (2) - 39 freq
pished (2) - 41 freq
banished (2) - 3 freq
manished (2) - 4 freq
published (2) - 52 freq
polished (2) - 39 freq
punshen (2) - 1 freq
plashed (3) - 1 freq
pushd (3) - 1 freq
pleised (3) - 4 freq
punished (0) - 12 freq
plenished (3) - 1 freq
punish (3) - 4 freq
punishin (3) - 3 freq
vanished (3) - 39 freq
banished (3) - 3 freq
polished (3) - 39 freq
manished (3) - 4 freq
perished (3) - 8 freq
pished (3) - 41 freq
punshen (3) - 1 freq
pushed (3) - 92 freq
punisht (3) - 2 freq
finished (3) - 129 freq
pusshed (3) - 1 freq
unpunished (3) - 1 freq
parished (3) - 1 freq
punched (3) - 20 freq
renshed (4) - 1 freq
poalished (4) - 1 freq
nashed (4) - 4 freq
pinched (4) - 19 freq
puneish (4) - 1 freq
finshed (4) - 1 freq
punsh (4) - 2 freq
SoundEx code - P523
pincht - 3 freq
punched - 20 freq
pin-striped - 1 freq
panicked - 13 freq
punished - 12 freq
pinched - 19 freq
punctuatit - 3 freq
punisht - 2 freq
punctuated - 1 freq
punctual - 1 freq
panniked - 2 freq
panickt - 1 freq
peenged - 2 freq
panic-stricken - 1 freq
puncture - 3 freq
punctuation - 5 freq
pianist - 1 freq
pensed - 3 freq
pangit - 6 freq
panshite - 1 freq
pan-scots - 1 freq
puncturin - 2 freq
pang'd - 1 freq
punctuatin - 1 freq
pencaitland - 8 freq
pounced-on - 1 freq
painstakinly - 1 freq
panshit - 1 freq
pin-stripe-breekit - 1 freq
pounced - 1 freq
painstakin - 1 freq
pinged - 1 freq
pinochet - 1 freq
painstaking - 1 freq
pomqd - 1 freq
pencaitlandfc - 15 freq
pinkietufail - 4 freq
phoenixdrilling - 1 freq
pmxstgwlga - 1 freq
MetaPhone code - PNXT
pincht - 3 freq
punched - 20 freq
punished - 12 freq
pinched - 19 freq
punisht - 2 freq
panshite - 1 freq
panshit - 1 freq
pinochet - 1 freq
PUNISHED
Time to execute Levenshtein function - 0.194464 milliseconds
The Levenshtein distance is the number of characters you have to replace, insert or delete to transform one word into another, its useful for detecting typos and alternative spellings
Time to execute Double Levenshtein function - 0.335999 milliseconds
In a stroke of genius, this runs the Levenshtein function twice, once without vowels and adds the distance together, giving double weight to consonants.
Time to execute SoundEx function - 0.027483 milliseconds
Soundex is a phonetic algorithm for indexing names by sound, as pronounced in English. The goal is for homophones to be encoded to the same representation so that they can be matched despite minor differences in spelling.
Time to execute MetaPhone function - 0.037180 milliseconds
Metaphone is a phonetic algorithm, published by Lawrence Philips in 1990, for indexing words by their English pronunciation.[1] It fundamentally improves on the Soundex algorithm by using information about variations and inconsistencies in English spelling and pronunciation to produce a more accurate encoding, which does a better job of matching words and names which sound similar.
Time to execute Manually curated function - 0.000940 milliseconds
Manual Curation uses a lookup table / lexicon which has been created by hand which links words to their lemmas, and includes obvious typos and spelling variations. Not all words are covered.